沉浸式大学智慧校园的整体实现:理论构建与实践探析

The Whole Realization of Immersive Smart Campus:Theoretical Construction and Practical Analysis

伴随教育信息化的深入推进,大学智慧校园蓬勃发展,但教学的智慧性不足等问题还有待解决,而沉浸式大学智慧校园为重塑智慧校园生态带来新的希望。在理论层面,建构主义学习理论、具身认知理论和心流理论可以从外部环境、身体感知和心理状态3个维度为沉浸式大学智慧校园提供理论指引,进而形成沉浸式大学智慧校园的理论框架。在技术层面,扩展现实技术、数字孪生技术和5G技术能够为沉浸式大学智慧校园塑造和优化沉浸式体验提供支持。在此基础上,可以构建包含智能感知层、网络通信层、平台能力层、应用服务层、用户交互层、规范标准与评价体系、信息与数据安全保障体系在内的五横两纵式沉浸式大学智慧校园架构模型,为沉浸式大学智慧校园的建设和发展提供抓手。在实践层面,通过对菲斯克大学的虚拟现实尸体实验室和莫尔豪斯学院的数字孪生校园两个典型案例的深入分析,为沉浸式大学智慧校园建设提供示范,并从教育数字化转型、主体协同化治理、用户沉浸式体验等方面总结两所校园的共性并得出启示。面向未来,沉浸式大学智慧校园的建设要洞悉技术、理论和实践层面的机遇与挑战,加快谋划与布局。尽管沉浸式大学智慧校园主要侧重于智慧教学的创新,但其为高等教育带来的赋能作用无疑是巨大的。

With the in-depth promotion of educational informatization,the smart campus is booming,but the lack of wisdom of teaching and other problems need to be solved,and the immersive smart campus brings new hope for reshaping the smart campus ecology.At the theoretical level,constructivist learning theory,embodied cognitive theory and flow theory may provide theoretical guidance for immersive smart campus from the three dimensions of external environment,physical perception and psychological state,thus forming a theoretical framework for the immersive smart campus.At the technical level,extended reality technology,digital twin technology and 5G technology can provide support for shaping and optimizing the immersive experience of the immersive smart campus.On the basis,a five horizontal and two vertical architecture model of immersive smart campus was built,including intelligent perception layer,network communication layer,platform capability layer,application service layer,user interaction layer,standard and evaluation system and information and data security system,so as to provide a starting point for the construction and development of immersive smart campus.At the practical level,through the in-depth analysis of two typical cases:the VR Human Cadaver Lab of Fisk University and the digital twin campus of Morehouse College,it provides demonstration and evidence for immersive smart campus,and summarizes the commonalities and enlightenment of the two campuses from the aspects of digital transformation of education,subject collaborative governance,user immersive experience,etc.Facing the future,the construction of an immersive university smart campus should understand the opportunities and challenges in technology,theory and practice,and speed up planning and layout.Although immersive smart campus mainly focuses on the innovation of smart teaching,its enabling role for higher education is undoubtedly huge.