五气经天的历法考释

Textual research on the calendar of five qi meridians

文章以《黄帝内经》五气经天天纲图天文背景为依据,探讨了《黄帝内经》隐含中国上古时代几种历法。本文的要点,一是发现了上古时代天文的两条黄道,二是解秘了《周易》“七日来复,天行也”的天文历法内涵,三是揭开了五运六气历法真实的天文背景。中国上古时代的历法,是以立杆测日影为基础创建起来的太阳历,太阳南北回归线圆周运动360日太阳历是上古历法的核心基础,永远不变,365.25日回归年太阳历有反复其道7日来复的5.25日变化。朔望月太阴历永远不变,阴阳合历有月亮在黄道上行九道的永远变动不居。并用二十八宿记录日月运动的行程。十天干代表五运太阴历,十二地支代表六气1岁360日太阳历,五运六气是阴阳合历。60年是阴阳合历差距比较接近的准周期。只有懂得《周易》历法,才能知道中国上古历法的来源。

Based on the astronomical background of five qi meridians Tiangang map in Huangdi Neijing,we discussed the several ancient Chinese calendars in Huangdi Nejing.Innovations in this article:finding the ancient two ecliptics;explaining the astronomical calendar concept of'Hebdomad Reiteration,Heaven's movement'in Zhou Yi;revealing the real astronomical background of five movements,six qi and calendar.In ancient Chinese calendar,we put up the pole in the sun and measured the shadow of the pole to create solar calendar.The sun moves circularly via the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn to form 365 days.This is the core of ancient calendar.The solar calendar 365.25 days tropical year has hebdomad reiteration's 5.25 days changing.Lunar month and Lunar calendar never change.Lunisolar Calendar has the characteristics:moon moves via ecliptic changeably.28 constellations are used to record the routine of lunisolar motion.10 celestial stems represent five movements Lunar calendar,12 terestrial branches represent six qi one year 360 days solar calendar,five movements and six qi represent Lunisolar calendar.The period of 60 years is the accurate cycle for Lunisolar calendar.The calendar in Zhou Yi is the source of ancient Chinese calendar.