儿童抽动障碍共患注意缺陷多动障碍相关神经递质水平的研究进展

Advances in the levels of neurotransmitters associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with tic disorders

包括Tourette综合征在内的抽动障碍(tic disorders,TD)是一种起病于儿童时期、以运动抽动和(或)发声抽动为主要特征的神经发育障碍性疾病,约半数以上TD患儿共患注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)等,严重影响儿童的身心健康。TD发病机制尚不明确,目前认为与皮质-纹状体-丘脑-皮质环路功能障碍所致的多种神经递质水平异常相关;且神经递质紊乱与ADHD的发病也有一定相关性,但现在关于TD共患ADHD神经递质水平的研究结果存在较大争议,甚至某些神经递质在两种疾病之中呈现完全相反的变化。该文综述近年来儿童TD共患ADHD相关神经递质水平的研究进展,旨在为探讨其发病机制提供思路。

Tic disorders(TD)including Tourette syndrome are childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by motor and/or vocal tics that commonly affect children′s physical and mental health.More than half of TD patients also have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).The pathogenesis of TD is not clear,and it is believed to be related to the abnormal level of neurotransmitters caused by the dysfunction of the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical circuitry,and the disorder of neurotransmitters is also related to the pathogenesis of ADHD,but the current research results on the level of neurotransmitters in TD with comorbid ADHD are controversial,and even some neurotransmitters show completely opposite changes in the two diseases.This paper reviews the research progress of neurotransmitters in children with TD co-suffering from ADHD in recent years,in order to provide ideas for exploring its pathogenesis.