安徽省男性护士执业环境、职业倦怠感和职业认同感相关性分析

Correlation study among work environment,job burnout with professional identity of male nurses in Anhui Province

目的 了解安徽省男性护士执业环境现状,并分析其与职业倦怠感和职业认同感的相关性。方法 2022年3—4月,选择来自安徽省11家三级和二级医院的198名男护士进行横断面线上问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 受调查的男性护士来自三级医院占83.33%,21~<35岁占87.88%,本科学历占60.61%,专科学历占36.87%。执业环境平均得分为(73.41±4.67)分。职业倦怠量表均分为(10.74±3.32)分,各维度得分由高到低依次为成就感低落、情感衰竭、人格解体。职业认同感得分为(106.48±22.27)分,各维度得分由高到低依次为自我反省能力、面对挫折能力、人际交往能力、社会认同和自我认知评价。男护士执业环境和其职业认同感之间呈正相关(r=0.790,P<0.01),与职业倦怠感呈负相关(r=-0.573,P<0.01),职业认同感与职业倦怠感呈负相关(r=-0.672,P<0.01)。结论 安徽省男护士执业环境和职业认同感处于中低水平,职业倦怠感处于重度倦怠水平。医院管理者应调整绩效水平,优化医护配比,针对性给予管理培训和支持,积极宣传男护士的职业优势来改善男护士的执业环境,以提高职业认同感,减轻职业倦怠感,减少男护士的流失。

Objective To investigate the current situation of male nurses'work environment in Anhui Province,explore the correlation among job burnout,professional identity with work environment.Methods From March to April 2022,a total of 198 male nurses from 11 tertiary and secondary hospitals in Anhui Province were given cross-sectional online questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed.Results The male nurses in tertiary hospitals accounted for 83.33%,87.88%were 21-<35 years old,60.61%had a bachelor's degree,and 36.87%had a junior college degree.The average score of the work environment was(73.41±4.67)points.The average score of job burnout scale was(10.74±3.32)points,and the scores of each dimension from high to low were low sense of achievement,emotional exhaustion,and depersonalization.The score of professional identity was(106.48±22.27)points,and the scores of each dimension from high to low were self-reflection ability,ability to face setbacks,interpersonal communication ability,social identity,and self-cognitive evaluation.The male nurses'work environment was positively correlated with their professional identity(r=0.790,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with job burnout(r=-0.573,P<0.01).The professional identity was negatively correlated with job burnout(r=-0.672,P<0.01).Conclusions The work environment and professional identity of male nurses in Anhui Province are in the middle and low level,and the sense of job burnout is in the severe level.The hospital administrators should adjust the performance level,optimize the ratio of doctors to nurses,give targeted management training and support,and actively publicize the professional advantages of male nurses to improve the work environment of male nurses,so as to enhance the sense of professional identity,reduce the sense of job burnout and reduce the loss of male nurses.