北京市石景山区1081名小学生视力不良状况及危险因素

Status and influencing factors of poor eyesight among 1081 primary school students in Shijingshan district,Beijing

目的 分析北京市石景山区小学生视力不良状况及其影响因素,为制定有效的学生视力保护措施提供参考依据。方法 选择石景山区两所小学1 081名学生为研究对象,进行裸眼远视力检测及问卷调查。结果 1 081名小学生视力不良率为61.98%,其中一年级学生为45.99%,二年级学生为58.19%,三年级学生为51.65%,四年级学生为64.16%,五年级学生为72.93%,六年级学生为79.56%。随着年级升高,学生视力不良率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=212.024,P<0.001)。单因素分析显示,每天使用电子产品时长(χ^(2)=6.992,P<0.05)、躺着看书的习惯(χ^(2)=15.299,P<0.05)、经常吃含糖高的食物(χ^(2)=4.767,P<0.05)是小学生视力不良的影响因素。结论 石景山区小学生视力不良率有随年级增加的趋势,应针对每天长时间使用电子产品、躺着看书习惯及经常吃含糖高的食物等不良行为进行干预措施。

Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of poor eyesight among primary school students in Shijingshan district of Beijing,and provide reference evidence for making effective measures to protect students'eyesight.Methods In total,1081 students in grades 1 to 6 from two primary schools in Shijingshan district were selected for the study subjects.The subjects were tested with uncorrected distance visual acuity examination and interviewed with questionnaires.Results The rate of poor eyesight was 61.98%among 1081 students,and it was 45.99%among grade-1 students,58.19%among grade-2 students,51.65%among grade-3 students,64.16%among grade-4 students,72.93%among grade-5 students,and 79.56%among grade-6 students.With the increase of the grade,the naked visual acuity of students had a decreasing trend,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)_(tend)=212.024,P<0.001).The univariate analysis results showed that the length of time spent using electronics every day(χ^(2)=6.992,P<0.05),the habit of reading books lying down(χ^(2)=15.299,P<0.05)and the habitof eating sugary food(χ^(2)=4.767,P<0.05)were the influencing factors of poor eyesight.Conclusions With the increase of the grade,the severity of poor eyesight among primary school students in Shijingshan district had an increasing trend.Intervention measures should be taken to address negative behaviors such as long length of time spent using electronics every day,habit of reading books lying down,and frequent consumption of high sugar foods every day.