高等教育扩张对区域创新的影响研究

The Impact of Higher Education Expansion on Regional Innovation

基于1999年开始的高校扩招政策这一准自然实验,利用双重差分法考察了高等教育扩张对区域创新水平的影响。研究发现:高校扩招政策显著提高了区域创新水平,且政策效应呈逐年增大的趋势;受社会经济环境的影响,在经济发达和市场化程度较高的地区,政策效应相应较大,但政策对区域创新效率的正向作用不显著。研究显示:继续推动并完善高等教育的发展,持续增加高质量人力资本的供给,能够保证创新驱动战略的有效实施,但仍需要优化区域创新环境,最大限度地激发人才的创新活力。

Based on the quasi-natural experiment of college enrollment expansion which started from 1999,this paper investigates the impact of higher education expansion on regional innovation levels with difference-in-difference method.It is found that:higher ed⁃ucation expansion has significantly enhanced regional innovation levels,and the policy effect has been increasing year by year;affected by the socio-economic environment,the policy effect is relatively stronger in areas with developed economy and high degree of marketi⁃zation;the positive effect of policy on regional innovation efficiency is not significant.The research findings show that further promotion and refinement of higher education,and sustained increase in the supply of high-quality human capital can ensure effective implemen⁃tation of innovation-driven strategy.Yet it is also necessary to optimize the regional innovation environment to maximize the creative vi⁃tality of talents.