从白璧德到梅光迪——学衡派“跨语际实践”研究之一

From Irving Babbitt to Mei Guangdi:One of the Studies of Xueheng School's“Translingual Practice”

“跨语际实践”包括知识分子在中西方思想碰撞时的复杂思考、西方文本在中国本土语境中产生的新意涵以及由此表现出来的译介者本人的能动性。梅光迪追求的“真理”与白璧德的新人文主义有密切关联,但无法直接画等号。白璧德努力将新人文主义与宗教相区别,而梅光迪却径往“儒教”形态跃进。造成差异的原因是二人面临不同的世界和困境,即白璧德着眼于世界文化,而梅光迪注重中国文化。作为学衡派舵手,梅光迪虽受惠于新人文主义,并借由“人文精神”横跨中西,使其理论具备“现代”和“国际”性质,但却蕴藏了超越新人文主义的潜能,沿着原有的中国传统文化脉络,生长出更多的可能性。这对于建构中国式现代化文学思想,也极富启发性意义。

“Translingual practice”includes intellectuals'complex thinking when Chinese and western thoughts collide,the new meaning of western texts in Chinese local context and the translator's own initiative.The“truth”pursued by Mei Guangdi is closely related to Irving Babbitt's new humanism,but cannot be directly equated.Babbitt tried to distinguish new humanism from religion,while Mei Guangdi leaped to the form of“Confucianism”.The reason for the gap is that they faced different worlds and dilemmas,that is,Babbitt focused on world culture,while Mei Guangdi focused on Chinese culture.As the helmsman of Xueheng School,although Mei Guangdi benefited from the new humanism,and crossed China and the West by the use of the“humanistic spirit”,making its theory“modern”and“international”,it contains the potential to override the new humanism,following its original Chinese traditional cultural vein,and grows more possibilities,which is also very enlightening for the construction of the Chinese path to modernization of literary thought.