猎户座飞船回收系统空投试验与数据分析

Airdrop Tests and Data Analysis for Orion Spacecraft Recovery System

猎户座飞船是美国新一代的载人飞船,其回收系统经过了11年的研制,共进行了44次空投试验和1次太空飞行试验。文章总结了猎户座飞船回收系统的空投试验情况,并介绍了试验的数据分析。在数据分析上,猎户座飞船回收系统采用仿真模型重构了试验,获得了充气参数的分布,并按照这一分布随机选取参数进行仿真,获得了降落伞的阻力特性包络;采用图像测量和分析,获得了降落伞的运动情况和形状变化,修正了试验数据,并建立了伞衣三维模型。猎户座飞船回收系统的空投试验和数据分析有利于全面地掌握回收系统的性能,对我国航天器回收系统的研制具有参考意义。

The Orion spacecraft is a new generation of manned spacecraft in the United States,with a recovery system that has been developed for 11 years.A total of 44 airdrop tests and a space flight test are conducted.The article summarizes the airdrop tests of the Orion spacecraft recovery system and provides an overview of the analysis for the test data.In terms of data analysis,a simulation model is used to reconstruct the test and obtain the distribution of inflation parameters,and a large number of simulations are carried out with randomly parameters according to the distribution to obtain the drag characteristics envelope of the parachutes.Image measurement and analysis are used to get the motion and shape of the parachutes,establish the test data and 3D model of the canopies.Airdrop tests and data analysis for the Orion spacecraft recovery system are benificial for comprehensively grasping the performance of the recovery system,and have reference value for the development of China’s spacecraft recovery system.