《中国心血管健康与疾病报告2022》概要

Report on cardiovascular health and diseases in China 2022:an updated summary

近30年来,我国的医疗可及性和质量指数进步幅度举世瞩目,位列中等收入国家首位,多项心血管技术已处于世界领先或接近领先水平,我国在解决心血管病(CVD)“救治难”的问题上有了长足的进步。但由于我国居民不健康生活方式流行,有CVD危险因素的人群巨大,人口老龄化加速,我国CVD发病率和死亡率仍在升高,疾病负担下降的拐点尚未出现。在我国城乡居民疾病死亡构成比中,CVD占首位,2020年分别占农村、城市死因的48.00%和45.86%;每5例死亡中就有2例死于CVD。推算我国CVD现患人数3.3亿,其中脑卒中1300万,冠心病1139万,心力衰竭890万,肺原性心脏病500万,心房颤动487万,风湿性心脏病250万,先天性心脏病200万,外周动脉疾病4530万,高血压2.45亿。中国进入了一个由高速发展向高质量发展转变的新阶段,中国的CVD防控事业也要由过去着眼于规模式增长转向更聚焦于战略层面和关键技术层面上的高质量发展,从而遏制CVD发病率和死亡率增长的趋势。

In the past 30 years,the accessibility and quality index of medical care have made remarkable progress in China,ranking the first among middle-income countries.Many cardiovascular technologies are at or near the world’s leading level,and significant progress has been achieved in China on solving the problem of“treatment difficulty”of cardiovascular diseases(CVD).However,due to the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among Chinese residents,huge population with CVD risk factors,accelerated population aging and other reasons,the incidence and mortality rate of CVD are still increasing,and the turning point of the decline in disease burden has not appeared yet in China.In terms of proportions of disease mortality among urban and rural residents,CVD still ranks the first.In 2020,CVD accounted for 48.00%and 45.86%of the causes of death in rural and urban areas,respectively.Two out of every five deaths are due to CVD.It is estimated that the number of current CVD patients in China is around 330 million,including 13 million stroke,11.39 million coronary heart disease,8.9 million heart failure,5 million pulmonary heart disease,4.87 million atrial fibrillation,2.5 million rheumatic heart disease,2 million congenital heart disease,45.3 million peripheral artery disease,and 245 million hypertension cases.China has entered a new stage of transformation from high-speed development to high-quality development,and the prevention and control of CVD in China should also shift from previous emphasis on scale growth to strategies focusing more on strategic and key technological development in order to curb the trend of increasing incidence and mortality rates of CVD.