欧盟一体化边海防体制及启示

On EU Integrated Border and Coastal Defense System and Its Enlightenment

为维护内部边界和外部边境的安全稳定,欧盟通过相关条约确立一体化边海防管理的基本原则和制度,成立具有强制力的欧洲边境与海岸警卫局负责一体化边海防管理,构建以《申根边界法》为核心的一体化边海防法律制度体系,实施便捷的边境通行制度,并颁布大量可操作性法令,有效维护了欧盟安全稳定与秩序,也促进了一体化建设与发展,但也存在激化地缘政治关系、经济衰退及成员国权力博弈等问题。欧盟一体化边海防管理体制,对健全完善我国边海防体制,维护我国边海防安全稳定具有借鉴意义。

In order to maintain the security and stability of the internal and external borders,EU has established the basic principles and systems of integrated border and coastal defense management through relevant treaties,established Frontex with coercive force to be responsible for integrated border and coastal defense management,established an integrated border and coastal defense legal system with the Schengen border legal as the core,adopted a convenient border passage system,and issued a large number of operable decrees,it has effectively maintained the security,stability and order of EU and promoted the integration construction and development.However,there are also problems such as intensifying geopolitical relations,economic recession and power game among member states.EU integrated border and coastal defense management system is of reference significance for improving China’s border and coastal defense system and maintaining China’s border and coastal defense security and stability.