基于三维激光扫描技术的新型地形测绘

New Fundamental Surveying and Mapping Based on 3D Laser Scanning Technology

新型基础测绘框架下的新型地形测绘具有要素种类丰富、属性信息全、三维信息等特点,利用传统地形测绘方式进行新型地形测绘将会耗时耗力且效率低下。充分利用三维激光扫描技术在空间三维数据采集中的优势,将三维激光扫描技术应用于新型地形测绘中。首先,通过传统高精度测绘手段对试验区进行平面与高程控制;其次,在控制点上架设三维激光扫描仪进行试验区点云数据采集,将采集得到的点云数据作为数据源进行内业矢量提取得到地形数据;最后,通过外业调绘、内业数据编辑完成新型地形图的测绘。为了验证基于三维激光扫描技术进行新型地形测绘的可行性,对成果精度进行统计,得出成果在平面、高程上精度均优于5 cm,满足规范要求。

The new topographic mapping under the new fundamental surveying and mapping framework has the characteristics of rich types of elements,complete attribute information and 3D information.Using the traditional topographic mapping method for new fundamental surveying and mapping will be time-consuming,labor-consuming and inefficient.Making full use of the advantages of 3D laser scanning technology in spatial 3D data acquisition,3D laser scanning technology is applied to new terrain mapping.Firstly,the plane and elevation of the test area are controlled by traditional high-precision surveying and mapping means.Secondly,3D laser scanner is set up on the control point to collect the point cloud data of the test area.The collected point cloud data is used as the data source for indoor vector extraction to obtain the terrain data;Finally,the surveying and mapping of new topographic map is completed through field survey and indoor data editing.In order to verify the feasibility of new topographic mapping based on 3D laser scanning technology,the accuracy of the results is counted,and it is concluded that the accuracy of the results in plane and elevation is better than 5cm,which meets the specification requirements.