慢性持续期哮喘儿童脑功能失调的功能磁共振成像研究

Functional magnetic resonance imaging study on brain dysfunction in children with chronic persistent asthma

目的采用功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)技术研究慢性持续期哮喘儿童脑功能失调的可能机制。方法选取30例慢性持续期哮喘儿童(哮喘组)和30例非哮喘健康儿童(对照组)作为研究对象。收集两组儿童的fMRI检查和注意行为学测试的数据,分析和比较两组儿童的比率低频振幅(fractionalamplitudeoflow-frequencyfluctuation,fALFF)及持续性操作任务(continuousperformancetask,CPT)的反应时间和正确个数。结果哮喘组儿童左侧小脑后叶和左侧枕下小叶的fALFF低于对照组儿童,左侧边缘叶的fALFF高于对照组儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组儿童比较,哮喘组儿童的CPT反应时间较长,正确个数较少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论哮喘儿童出现注意力缺陷和学习记忆力下降可能与左侧小脑后叶和左侧枕下小叶的功能异常有关,而左侧边缘叶则可能对此有一定的代偿作用。

Objective To study the mechanism of brain dysfunction in children with chronic persistent asthma by functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).Methods A total of 30 children with chronic persistent asthma and 30 normal children were enrolled.The children’s data of fMRI and attention behavioral test were collected.The response time and correct number of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)and continuous performance task(CPT)in the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results The fALFF values in the left posterior cerebellar lobe and left inferior occipital gyrus of the asthma group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).But fALFF values in the left limbic lobe of the asthma group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The CPT reaction time of asthmatic children was significantly longer than that of the normal children,and the correct number was significantly lower than that of the normal children(P<0.05).Conclusion The attentional deficit in the asthmatic children is related to the injury of the left posterior cerebellar lobule,and the abnormal function of the left inferior occipital gyrus leads to the decline of memory.The left limbic lobule may compensate for the two brain regions.