资本·技术·生活:国外马克思主义城市批判理论的三重逻辑

The Triple Logic and Narrative Transformation ofForeign Marxist Urban Criticism Theory

国外马克思主义城市批判理论是对既有城市认识论进行批判性质疑与审视的方法,通过阐明城市景观与资本主义发展逻辑的历史—地理辩证关系,推动当代资本主义社会症候的叙事变革。在国外马克思主义城市批判理论作为显性问题域得到系统性阐释的半个世纪中,可以提炼出三重彼此联系的研究逻辑,涵盖了该领域研究的核心问题:其一,通过分析资本逻辑对资本主义城市中生产或消费的干预,在生产与再生产的生发机制中探寻城市与资本主义发展的内在关联;其二,通过梳理技术逻辑对全球城市的改造,在城市金融化、城市企业化、城市信息化三维维度中探寻城市何以更新资本主义的存续方式;其三,通过生活逻辑对生命政治城市的缔造,寻求城市主体性的衍生逻辑,从日常生活与城市相互依存的动态关系中探寻城市何以使资本主义生活化。这三重逻辑延续了“批判理论”的基本分析框架,展现城市转型与重构的多样性、普遍关联性,对自觉更新马克思主义的叙事范式具有指导价值。

The Marxist theory of urban criticism in foreign countries is a method to critically question and examine the existing urban epistemology,and to promote the narrative transformation of the symptoms of contemporary capitalist society by clarifying the history-geography dialectical relationship between urban landscape and social development logic.In the half century of systematic interpretation of Marxist urban criticism theory as an explicit problem abroad,three interrelated research logic can be extracted,covering the core issues of research in this field.Firstly,by analyzing the intervention of capital logic in production or consumption in capitalist cities,this paper explores the inherent relationship between cities and capitalist development in the mechanism of production and reproduction.Secondly,through combing the technological logic of the transformation of global cities,the paper explores how cities can renew the survival mode of capitalism in the three dimensions of urban financialization,urban enterprization and urban informatization.Thirdly,through observing the life logic of life politics city,the paper explores the derivative logic of urban development,and explores why the cities make capitalist life from the dynamic and interdependent relationship between daily life and urban development.The triple logic continues the basic analytical framework of the“critical theory”,shows the diversity and universal relevance of urban transformation and reconstruction,which has guiding value for consciously renewing the narrative paradigm of Marxist urban critical theory.