基于GIS与AHP耦合技术的承德地区地质灾害危害性评价

Evaluation of Geological Disaster in Chengde Area Based on GIS and AHP Coupling Technology

为了评价中低山区地质灾害的危害性,以河北承德地区为例,基于层次分析法(AHP)和ArcGIS平台对地质灾害易发性进行评价,根据最新的土地利用现状对承灾体易损性进行评价;通过构建地质灾害危害性判断矩阵,将地质灾害易发性评价图层和承灾体易损性评价图层进行信息融合,完成地质灾害危害性评价。结果表明,承德地区地质灾害高危害区和较高危害区主要集中在宽城县北部、兴隆县东部和平泉市南部等地,中等危害区主要分布在滦平县中南部、兴隆县南部、平泉市中北部、双桥区南部和双滦区南部等地,低危害区和较低危害区主要分布在承德县北部、隆化县、丰宁县和围场满族蒙古族自治县等地。本次研究充分考虑了地质灾害的双重属性,较为准确地评价了地质灾害易发性和承灾体易损性在不同组合状态下的地质灾害危害性,评价结果可有效避免以往以地质灾害易发性为主要依据编制地质灾害防治规划的问题,可为承德地区地质灾害防治规划提供科学依据和技术指导。

To evaluate the impact of geological disasters,this study selected the Chengde area of Hebei Province as an example.Firstly,we used AHP and ArcGIS to evaluate the susceptibility of geological disaster.Secondly,the geological disaster bearing body vulnerability was established based on the current local land use.Finally,based on the constructing the judgment matrix,the geological disaster impact evaluation was established by overlaying the geological disaster susceptibility zoning map on the geological disaster vulnerability zoning map.The results show that the high-impact and relatively high-impact areas of geological disasters are mainly distributed in the north of Kuancheng county,east of Xinglong county,and south of Pingquan city.The medium-impact areas are mainly distributed in the central and southern parts of Luanping county,the south of Xinglong county,the central and northern parts of Pingquan city,the south of Shuangqiao district,and the south of Shuangluan district.The low-impact and relatively low-impact areas are mainly distributed in the north of Chengde,Longhua,Fengning and Weichang counties.This study comprehensively considers the dual attributes of geological disasters,and accurately evaluates the geological disaster susceptibility and the vulnerability of geological disaster bearing body in different combination states.The evaluation results can effectively avoid the problem of geological disaster prevention and control planning based on the geological disaster vulnerability.In addition,the evaluation results can provide scientific basis and technical guidance for geological disaster prevention and control planning in Chengde area.