内蒙古阿尔山世界地质公园地质遗迹特征及其地学意义

Characteristics and Geological Significance of Geoheritage in the Arxan Global Geopark,Inner Mongolia

对地质遗迹进行科学分类和特征描述是合理利用和保护地质遗迹的前提与基础。阿尔山世界地质公园内具有丰富的典型地质遗迹,具有较高的旅游价值,对其研究具有一定的地学意义。在地质遗迹调查的基础上,依据有关技术要求,将阿尔山地质公园地质遗迹划分为地貌景观、水体景观2大类,进一步划分为火山地貌、岩石地貌、流水地貌、构造地貌、泉水景观6类,以及火山机构、火山熔岩地貌、火山成因湖泊、花岗岩地貌、流水侵蚀地貌、流水堆积地貌、构造地貌、温泉、风景河段9亚类,共识别47处地质遗迹点,其中的火山地貌和温泉景观在全球地质遗迹对比分析中具有重要意义。本文阐明了地质公园的地质遗迹特征,并从地貌学、水文地质学以及旅游地学等方面探讨其地学意义,为公园的地质遗迹保护和旅游线路规划提供科学依据,促进公园地质科学研究、地球科学科普以及地学旅游的可持续发展。

The scientific classification and characterization of geoheritage is the premise and foundation of rational utilization and protection of geoheritage.The Arxan Global Geopark has distinctive and extremely rich geoheritage,which has high touristic value and geological research significance.In this paper,based on geolo-gical survey and evaluation of the geoheritage,we divided the geoheritage resource into two categories,i.e.geomorphological landscape and water landscape,and six landform/landscape types,i.e.volcanic,rock,fluvial,structural,and spring water,and 9 subcategories,i.e.volcanic formation,volcanic lava landform,volcanic lake,granite landform,fluvial erosion landform,fluvial accumulation landform,structural landform,hot spring,and scenic river sections,with 47 geosites in total.Among them,volcanic landforms and hot spring landscapes are of great significance in the comparative analysis of global geoheritage.Additionally,the authors analyzed the characteristics of various geoheritage and discussed the important geotouristic significance of the geoheritage in the Arxan Geo-park.Studies have shown that the geoheritage of Arxan Geopark have important scientific value in the fields of geomorphology,hydrogeology and geotourism.This provides a scientific basis for the protection of geoheritage and tourism route planning,and promotes the sustainable development of geoscience research,science popularization and geoscience tourism in the Arxan Geopark.