医学生电子健康素养对幸福感的影响:基本心理需求与负性情绪的链式中介作用

Effect of medical students'e-health literacy on the sense of happiness:The chain-mediating effect of basic psychological needs and negative emotions

目的:探讨医学生电子健康素养与总体幸福感之间的关系,以及基本心理需求与负性情绪的链式中介作用。方法:采用一般资料调查表、电子健康素养调查问卷、基本心理需求量表(BPNS)、正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)、总体幸福感量表(GWB)对2206名医学生进行问卷调查。结果:1不同性别、年级、独生子女、健康自评状况(身体/心理)下主要变量有显著差异;2电子健康素养与基本心理需求、总体幸福感呈显著正相关(r=0.353,0.277;P<0.001);基本心理需求与总体幸福感呈正相关(r=0.670,P<0.001);负性情绪与电子健康素养、基本心理需求、总体幸福感均呈显著负相关(r=-0.152,-0.535,-0.575;P<0.001);3多元线性回归分析表明电子健康素养(β=0.06,P<0.001)、基本心理需求(β=0.43,P<0.001)、负性情绪(β=-0.29,P<0.001)均对医学生总体幸福感有显著预测作用;④链式中介效应结果表明,电子健康素养通过基本心理需求、负性情绪的单独和共同作用影响着医学生幸福感,其中中介效应分别占总效应的61.6%、4.63%、21.55%。结论:提高电子健康素养可直接或间接影响医学生幸福感,电子健康素养可通过满足基本心理需求、减少负面情绪影响来提高幸福感体验。

Objective:To explore the relationship between e-health literacy and general well-being of medical students,and the chain mediating effect of basic psychological needs and negative emotions.Methods:A total of 2206 medical students were investigated with general information questionnaire,electronic health literacy questionnaire,basic psychological needs scale(BPNS),positive negative emotion scale(PANAS)and general well-being scale(GWB).Results:1 There were significant differences in the main variables among different genders,grade,only children,and health self-evaluation status(physical/psychological);2 E-health literacy was positively correlated with basic psychological needs and subjective well-being(r=0.353,0.277;P<0.001).There was a positive correlation between basic psychological needs and subjective well-being(r=0.670;P<0.001).Negative emotions were significantly negatively correlated with e-health literacy,basic psychological needs,and subjective well-being(r=-0.152,-0.535,-0.575;P<0.001);3 Multiple linear regression analysis showed that electronic health literacy(β=0.06,P<0.001),basic psychological needs(β=0.43,P<0.001),negative emotion(β=-0.29,P<0.001)had a significant predictive effect on the overall well-being of medical students;④The results of chain mediated effect showed that e-health literacy affected the well-being of medical students through the individual and combined effects of basic psychological needs and negative emotions,of which the mediated effect accounted for 61.6%,4.63%and 21.55%of the total effect respectively.Conclusion:Improving e-health literacy can directly or indirectly affect the well-being of medical students.E-health literacy can improve the well-being experience by meeting basic psychological needs and reducing negative emotional effects.