情绪启动下认知重评对留守儿童欺凌场景注意偏向的影响

Effect of cognitive reappraisal on attentional bias in bullying scenarios among left-behind children under emotional priming

目的:探讨情绪启动下留守儿童使用认知重评策略对校园欺凌场景的注意偏向的影响。方法:招募48名留守儿童,采用2(组别:认知重评组、控制组)×2(旁观者:有、无)×2(被欺凌者性别:男、女)混合实验设计,运用Stroop变式研究留守儿童其对校园欺凌图片的注意偏向。结果:对反应时进行重复测量方差分析发现,被试分组的主效应显著(F=16.91,P<0.001,η_(p)^(2)=0.269),控制组反应时显著长于认知重评组;有无旁观者的主效应显著(F=139.80,P<0.001,η_(p)^(2)=0.752),有旁观者情况下,被试的反应时长于无旁观者情况;被欺凌者性别的主效应显著(F=96.11,P<0.001,η_(p)^(2)=0.676),相较于男性被欺凌者,被试对女性被欺凌者的反应时更长。组别与有无旁观者的交互作用显著(F=5.41,P=0.025,η_(p)^(2)=0.105);组别与被欺凌者性别的交互作用显著(F=9.72,P=0.003,η_(p)^(2)=0.174)。结论:认知重评能有效缓解被试的负性情绪,并能减弱对校园欺凌场景的注意偏向。

Objective:To explore the effects of emotionally initiated use of cognitive reappraisal strategies on attentional bias in school bullying scenarios by left-behind children.Methods:Recruit 48 left-behind children and adopt a 2(Factor 1:Cognitive reappraisal group,Control group)×2(Factor 2:Bystander presence-Present,Absent)×2(Factor 3:Gender of the victim-Male,Female)mixed experimental design.Utilize a Stroop variant to investigate the attentional bias of left-behind children towards school bullying images.Results:The repeated-measures analysis of variance(ANOVA)on reaction times revealed significant main effects for the participant group,F=16.91,P<0.001,η_(p)^(2)=0.269,indicating that the control group had significantly longer reaction times compared to the cognitive reappraisal group.There was also a significant main effect for the presence of bystanders,F=139.80,P<0.001,η_(p)^(2)=0.752,with reaction times being significantly longer when bystanders were present compared to when they were absent.Additionally,the victim’s gender had a significant main effect,F=96.11,P<0.001,η_(p)^(2)=0.676,showing that participants had longer reaction times when presented with female victims of bullying compared to male victims.Furthermore,there was a significant interaction between participant group and the presence of bystanders,F=5.41,P=0.025,η_(p)^(2)=0.105,as well as a significant interaction between participant group and the victim's gender,F=9.72,P=0.003,η_(p)^(2)=0.174.Conclusion:Cognitive reappraisal can effectively alleviate participants’negative emotions and reduce attentional bias towards school bullying scenes.