国际视野下教育增值评价的实践历程:热点主题与演进逻辑

The International Practice of Value-Added Evaluation in Educational Research:Hot Topics and Evolutionary Track

随着教育评价改革的逐步推进,增值评价作为一种能够评测学校或教师对学生学习成效增值“净效应”影响的评价方式,以其促进教育机会平等的优势开始得到研究者的广泛关注。为更好地了解教育增值评价的国际化进程与发展脉络,我们以Web of Science数据库中的教育领域增值评价研究文献为数据源,采用社会网络分析、共现分析、聚类分析、时序分析、知识图谱、频次分析等方法对文献进行量化与可视化分析。研究结果显示:①该研究领域以美国、英国为主阵地,领域核心作者间已初步形成了多个由教育评价与测量、教师专业发展、教育政策与管理等研究方向组成的研究者团队;②基于主题聚类分析归纳出增值评价的热点主题包括增值评价计算建模、增值评价指标设计、协变量差异比较、增值评价成效分析和增值评价政策反馈等;③基于时序分析得出增值评价在理念设计、模型构建、分析方法、实践认知等方面的演进变化,即从注重管理效益到关注反馈优化、从简单普适模型到个性开放模型、从优化统计测量到融合智能算法、从成绩结果驱动到能力发展导向;④基于引文分析总结出增值评价研究从模型可靠性探索到体系有效性探索,再到决策适配性探索这三个时期的侧重点及突出贡献。最后,从理念、模型、方法、数据、技术等方面探讨增值评价的研究趋向,以更好发挥其价值效能。

With the deepening of educational evaluation reform,researchers are paying more attention to value-added method which evaluate the net effect of school or teacher on students’development,in its advantage in promoting education equity.Aiming at clarifying the process and development of educational value-added evaluation internationally,this article uses association analysis,social network analysis,cluster analysis,knowledge graph,and statistical analysis methods to quantify and to visualize literature in Web of Science database.Results show that:①Academic cooperation led by the United States and the United Kingdom has been formed,with teams composed of core researchers in educational evaluation and measurement,children’s development,teachers’professional development,educational policy and management field;②Thematic clusters analysis shows hot topics in value-added computational modeling,value-added evaluation index design,covariate difference comparison,value-added evaluation effect analysis and value-added evaluation policy feedback;③Time series analysis shows changes in concept design,model construction,analysis methods and practical cognition,while evolution track of value-added evaluation change from focusing on management benefits to feedback optimization,from simple universal models to personalized open models,from statistical measurement to intelligent computing,from achievement driven to development driven;④Based on the citation analysis,emphasis and outstanding contributions of the value-added evaluation research in the three periods are summarized,from the exploration of model reliability to system effectiveness,then decision adaptation.To better take advantage of its value effectiveness,trend of educational value-added research is discussed from the aspects of concept,model,method,data,and technology.