自我调节学习对学生学习成效的影响研究

The Effects of Self-Regulated Learning on Learning Outcomes

自我调节学习是指学习者在完成具体的学习任务中对认知、情感和行为的调节过程,它在提升学生学习成效方面发挥了重要作用。本研究利用元分析的研究方法,对2012年至2022年间51篇国外关于自我调节学习的实证研究论文进行综合分析,研究发现:①自我调节学习对测验结果、记忆保持、学习成果与问题解决等学习成效有中等正向影响;②不同自我调节学习策略影响学习成效的差异达到显著水平,“寻求帮助”策略无显著影响;③不同阶段自我调节学习影响学习成效的差异显著,“自我反思”阶段存在显著影响效果;④自我调节学习在不同领域对学习成效影响差异显著,“行为”领域存在显著影响;⑤自我调节学习对自然科学、人文社科与工程实践学科都有正向中等的显著影响,在工程实践领域表现较好;⑥自我调节学习在小学、初中、高中与大学学段的影响效果差异显著,在初中学段对学习成效的作用较为显著;⑦学习环境对自我调节学习成效有正向的促进作用,混合式学习环境下对学习成效作用较为明显;⑧不同数据源中,“问卷数据”对自我调节学习与学习成效关系验证的适用性较低;⑨不同分析方法中,“实验法”对自我调节学习与学习成效关系验证的适用性较好。最后,本研究对研究结果进行了讨论,提出了促进学习成效的相关策略。

Self-regulated learning,a dynamic learning process involving cognition,emotion as well as behavior,plays an important role in improving learning outcomes.This article used the meta-analysis method to conduct a comprehensive analysis of 51 empirical research articles abroad from 2012 to 2022.Results show that:①Self-regulated learning has moderate positive effects on test results,memory retention,learning outcomes and problem solving;②The influence of different self-regulated learning strategies on learning outcomes reached a significant level,among which“seeking help”strategy had no significant effect;③Different stages of self-regulated learning have significant differences in effecting learning outcomes,among which“self-reflection”stage has a significant effect;④Self-regulated learning has a significant effect on learning outcomes in different fields,among them“behavioral”field has a significant effect;⑤Self-regulated learning has positive and moderate influence on learning outcomes in natural sciences,humanities&social sciences,and engineering practice in particular;⑥Effect of self-regulated learning in primary school,middle school,high school and college is significant different,among which middle school is more significant;⑦Learning environment has a positive effect on self-regulation of learning outcomes,among which blended learning environment has a more significant effect;⑧Different data sources have significantly different effects on learning outcomes,amomg which“questionnaire data”has little effect on learning outcomes;⑨Different analysis methods have significantly different effects on learning outcomes,and“experimental method”has a significant effect on learning outcomes.This article then presented a discussion of the research results and proposed relevant strategies in promoting learning outcomes.