铁死亡的机制及其在神经退行性疾病中的研究进展

Mechanism of iron accumulation and its research progress in neurodegenerative diseases

细胞中的脂类过氧化物相关的铁离子出现依赖性积累、细胞线粒体萎缩、线粒体膜密度增加等,是铁死亡的主要病理特征。与细胞的坏死、自噬与凋亡不同,铁死亡的发生机制可能主要涉及脂质和脂类过氧化物的积累、氨基酸抗氧化系统失衡及铁离子代谢紊乱等因素。因此,铁死亡被认为是一种新型的程序性细胞死亡过程。在铁死亡进程中,甲羟戊酸信号、转硫信号和热休克蛋白信号可能扮演着重要的角色。现有研究显示,铁死亡与一些神经退行性疾病的发展密切相关,但该细胞死亡形式的具体机制尚未完全阐明。本文总结了铁死亡在神经退行性系统疾病中作用的最新研究进展,对铁死亡的进一步了解可能为未来神经退行性疾病的诊断和治疗研究提供方向。

The iron-dependent accumulation associated with lipid peroxides in cells,mitochondrial atrophy,and increased mitochondrial membrane density are the main pathological features of ferroptosis.It is different from the cell necrosis,autophagy,and apoptosis.The mechanism of ferroptosis usually involved with the accumulation of lipids and lipid peroxides,the imbalance of amino acid antioxidant system,and the disorder of iron metabolism.Therefore,ferroptosis is considered as a novel programmed cell death process.The signaling of mevalonic acid,transsulfur,and heat shock protein may play important roles in the ferroptosis process.Existing studies have shown that ferroptosis is strongly associated with the development of some neurodegenerative diseases.But the exact mechanism of this form of cell death has not been fully explored.This review summarizes the latest research development of the role of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative system diseases,and further understanding of ferroptosis may inform future clinical treatment research of neurodegenerative diseases.