大学生孤独感对问题性手机使用的影响

Influence of loneliness on problematic mobile phone use in college students

目的探究孤独感与问题性手机使用的因果关系及影响机制,为有效干预大学生问题性手机使用提供依据。方法采用纵向设计,使用手机成瘾问卷、孤独感量表、大学生积极-消极反刍思维问卷和逃避动机分量表,对411名大学生进行2次追踪调查,第1次测量时间(T1)为2021年12月,第2次测量时间(T2)为2022年3月。结果T1、T2大学生问题性手机使用率分别为68.6%、70.1%,T1孤独感可以显著预测T2问题性手机使用,而T1问题性手机使用对T2孤独感无显著预测作用;孤独感既可以分别通过消极反刍和逃避动机预测后续问题性手机使用,也可以通过消极反刍和逃避动机的链式中介来预测,积极反刍显著调节孤独感对逃避动机的影响路径(P<0.05)。结论针对孤独感、消极反刍思维和手机使用动机的干预措施可能是降低大学生出现问题性手机使用行为的有效方法。

Objective To explore the causal relationship and influencing mechanism between loneliness and problematic mobile phone use,and to provide basis for effective intervention of problematic mobile phone use in college students.Methods In a longitudinal design,a follow-up survey was conducted on 411 college students using the mobile phone addiction questionnaire,loneliness scale,college students’positive-negative rumination thinking questionnaire,and avoidance motivation subscale.The first measurement time(T1)was December 2021,and the second measurement time(T2)was March 2022.Results The usage rates of problematic mobile phones among T1 and T2 students were 68.6%and 70.1%,respectively.T1 loneliness could significantly predict T2 problematic mobile phone use,while T1 problematic mobile phone use had no significant predictive effect on T2 loneliness.Loneliness could predict subsequent problematic mobile phone use through negative rumination and avoidance motivation,respectively,or through the chain mediation of negative rumination and avoidance motivation.Positive rumination significantly modulated the influence path of loneliness on avoidance motivation(P<0.05).Conclusion Intervention measures targeting loneliness,negative rumination,and mobile phone use motivation may be an effective way to reduce the occurrence of problematic mobile phone use behaviors among college students.