基于“补虚泻实”法探讨中西医结合治疗肿瘤营养不良

Discussion on the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of cancer related malnutrition based on the principle of“reinforce insufficiency and reduce excessiveness”

肿瘤营养不良是恶性肿瘤患者常见并发症,以消瘦、乏力、厌食为主要临床特点,西医多从能量负平衡、营养物质代谢紊乱和肠道菌群失调来解释其发病机制。中医认为,恶性肿瘤由痰、瘀、癌毒胶结而成,久积伤正,正虚失摄,上述物质则窜流进入经络血脉,阻滞精血散布,导致脏腑失养而出现虚瘠之态,属因实致虚。故治疗应以“补虚泻实”为根本治则,运用“补精、建中”和“化痰、祛瘀、解毒”之法,整合中西医优势以改善恶性肿瘤患者营养状态。以期为临床治疗肿瘤相关营养不良提供思路与方法。

Cancer related malnutrion is a common complication in patients with malignant tumors,characterized by emaciation,fatigue,and anorexia.Western medicine mostly explains its pathogenesis from negative energy balance,nutrient metabolism disorder,and dysregulation of intestinal flora.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that malignant tumors are formed by the cementation of phlegm,stasis,and cancer toxin.Prolonged accumulation of these substances can damage the vital qi and cause the vital qi deficiency failing to control.These substances then flow into the meridians and blood vessels,blocking the spread of essence and blood,leading to the loss of nourishment in the organs and resulting in a state of deficiency and barrenness.This is due to the deficiency caused by excess.Therefore,treatment should be based on the fundamental principle of“reinforce insufficiency and reduce excessiveness”,using the methods of“tonifying essence,building middle”and“resolving phlegm,removing blood stasis,and detoxifying”,integrating the advantages of traditional Chinese and western medicine to improve the nutritional status of malignant tumor patients.This aims to provide ideas and methods for the clinical treatment of tumor related malnutrition.