症状管理教育在头颈癌放疗患者中的应用效果

Application Effect of Symptom Management Education in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer

目的:探讨症状管理教育对头颈癌放疗患者的应用效果。方法:选取2021年6月—2023年6月泰安市肿瘤防治院收治的头颈癌患者74例作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为参照组与研究组,各37例。参照组接受常规护理,研究组在参照组基础上接受症状管理教育。比较两组营养相关症状、营养状况指标、体重变化情况及不良反应发生情况。结果:放疗第4周、放疗后1个月,研究组营养相关症状评分均低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。放疗第4周、放疗后1个月,研究组血清白蛋白、血清前白蛋白、血红蛋白水平高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。放疗第4周、放疗后1个月,研究组体重高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。研究组不良反应总发生率低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.022)。结论:头颈癌患者实施症状管理教育的效果显著,可改善其身体营养状态,增强身体素质,降低不良反应发生率。

Objective:To investigate the application effect of symptom management education in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.Methods:A total of 74 patients with head and neck cancer in Tai'an Tumor Prevention and Treatment Hospital from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the study subject.The patients were divided into a reference group and a research group according to random number table method,with 37 patients in each group.The reference group received routine care,while the research group received symptom management education on the basis of the reference group.Nutrition-related symptoms,nutritional indicators,body weight change and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The scores of the nutrition-related symptoms in the research group were lower than those in the reference group at week 4 of radiotherapy and 1 month post-radiotherapy,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).Serum albumin,serum prealbumin and hemoglobin levels in the research group were higher than those in the reference group at week 4 of radiotherapy and 1 month post-radiotherapy,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The body weight in the research group was higher than that in the reference group at week 4 of radiotherapy and 1 month post-radiotherapy,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the research group was lower than that in the reference group,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.022).Conclusion:Implementing symptom management education for patients with head and neck cancer has a significant effect,which can improve patients'nutritional status,enhance their physical fitness and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.