国际经贸关系的失衡与重构:理论逻辑与实践路径

Imbalance and Reconstruction of International Economic and Trade Relations:Theoretical Logic and Implementation Path

在深度融入全球市场过程中,我国迅速崛起为“世界工厂”和贸易大国。但同时,贸易附加值过低、出口市场不平衡、关键技术“卡脖子”、贸易摩擦加剧等经贸关系失衡问题也日益凸显。从形成机理来看,经济全球化过程中的国际经贸关系失衡主要是由产业低端锁定、市场不平衡依赖和国际政治经济博弈导致的。我国要打破这种失衡的国际经贸关系,就要塑造动态比较优势,推动贸易市场再平衡,有效应对国际经贸环境冲击,为优化国际经贸关系奠定基础。为此,我国应该通过重塑发展内生动力、构建双循环新发展格局、推动制度型开放和参与全球规则治理,构建和维护多元稳定的国际经贸关系。

In the process of promoting deep integration into the global market,China has rapidly emerged as a“world factory”and a trading power.However,the imbalanced relations of economic and trade,such as the low added value of trade,imbalanced export markets,key technology bottlenecks,and intensified trade friction,are becoming increasingly prominent.From the perspective of formation mechanism,the imbalanced relations of international economic and trade in the economic globalization are mainly caused by the industrial low-end locking,imbalanced market dependence,and international political and economic games.To break these imbalanced relations of international economic and trade,it is necessary to shape dynamic comparative advantages,promote trade market re-balance,and respond effectively to the impact of international economic and trade environment,through which we could lay the foundation for optimizing international economic and trade relations.Therefore,in order to build and maintain diversified and stable relations of international economic and trade,China should reshape the endogenous driving force of development,build a new development pattern of“dual circulation”,promote institutional openness,and participate in global rule governance.