基于海上风电的汽车加氢站及远距离氢能输运经济性分析

Economic analysis of automobile hydrogen refueling station and long-distance hydrogen energy transportation based on offshore wind power

氢能具有零碳、高效、大规模、长周期储能优势,将在构建新型电力系统中发挥重要作用。引入氢储能调控手段一方面可促进可再生能源消纳和维持电网供需平衡,另一方面还可为交通、工业领域提供清洁燃料和原料储备。本文以广东阳江地区的海上风氢综合应用为例,提出一种海上风电制氢-本地加氢站-外送工业用氢一体化系统概念构想。基于阳江地区的典型海上风电出力特征、广东省氢能负荷历史数据及预测规划,提出了本地加氢站-外送氢能容量配置方案,完成了装备购置成本、日常储运成本、投资回报周期等经济指标建模,验证和评估了百兆瓦级氢能综合应用系统的技术可行性和经济效益指标。评估结果表明:引入海上风电制氢/送氢系统后,每日平均可提供本地氢气容量为5756 kg,外送工业氢气容量为33900 kg。在20 MPa和30 MPa长管拖车运输工况下,静态投资回报周期(SPP)分别为5.16年和4.86年,动态投资回报周期(DPP)分别为6.24年和5.81年。在20年全生命周期运行后,累计净现值(NPV)分别达到835.87 M$和928.34 M$,有效验证了海上风电制氢-本地加氢站-外送工业用氢一体化系统的经济可行性。

Hydrogen energy has the advantages of zero carbon,high efficiency,large scale,long-period energy storage,and will play an important role in the construction of new power systems.On the one hand,the introduction of hydrogen energy storage regulations can promote the consumption of renewable energy and maintain the supply-demand balance of the power grid.On the other hand,it can also provide clean fuel and raw material reserve for transportation and industry.Taking the integrated application of offshore wind hydrogen in Yangjiang area of Guang-dong Province as an example,this paper proposes a concept of an integrated system of offshore wind power based hydrogen production-local hydrogen refueling station-long-distance hydrogen delivery for industrial areas.Based on the typical offshore wind power output characteristics of Yangjiang region,the historical data and forecast planning of hydrogen energy load in Guangdong Province,the local hydrogen refueling station-hydrogen energy delivery ca-pacity configuration scheme was proposed,and the economic indicators such as equipment acquisition cost,daily storage and transportation cost,return on investment period were modeled.The technical feasibility and economic benefit indicators of the 100 MW class hydrogen energy integrated application system were verified and evaluated.The evaluation results show that after the introduction of the offshore wind power hydrogen production/delivery sys-tem,the average daily capacity of local hydrogen supply is 5756 kg and the industrial hydrogen supply is 33900 kg.Under the transport conditions of 20 MPa and 30 MPa long-tube trailers,the static return cycle SPP is 5.16 years and 4.86 years,respectively,and the dynamic return cycle DPP is 6.24 years and 5.81 years,respectively.After 20 years of entire life-cycle operation,the cumulative net present value NPV reaches 835.87 M$and 928.34 M$,respectively,which effectively verify the economic feasibility of the integrated system of offshore wind power based hydrogen production,local hydrogen refueling station and industrial hydrogen delivery.