三峡升船机船厢门侧止水应力特性数值模拟及结构优化

Numerical simulation of stress characteristics and structural optimization of Three Gorges ship lift chamber gate water seal

为查明三峡升船机船厢门侧止水聚四氟乙烯减摩层敷面磨损原因,根据船厢门实际运行工况,建立船厢门侧止水非线性有限元计算模型,通过模拟船厢门挡水与启闭工况,分析计算了不同橡胶材料和预压缩量对船厢门侧止水P头的最大接触应力、正压力及最大偏移量的影响。结果表明,船厢门侧止水P头的接触应力、正压力和最大偏移量均随着橡胶材料的硬度降低而减小,挡水水头越低,材料硬度的敏感程度越高;接触应力和正压力均随预压缩量的增加而增大,特别是预压缩阶段,正压力随着预压缩量的增加而显著增大。最后提出,通过优化侧止水橡胶材料、减小预压缩量等方法可减缓船厢门侧止水聚四氟乙烯减摩层敷面的磨损。

To ascertain the cause of the wear of the PTFE anti-friction layer on the chamber gate of the Three Gorges ship lift,a nonlinear finite element calculation model of the water seal of the chamber gate is established according to the actual operating conditions of the chamber gate.By simulating the water retaining and operating conditions of the chamber gate,the effects of different rubber materials and pre-compression on the maximum contact stress,positive pressure and maximum offset of the ship chamber gate water seal are calculated.The results show that the contact stress,normal stress and maximum offset of the chamber gate decrease with the decrease of the hardness of the rubber material.The lower the water head is,the higher the sensitivity of the material hardness is.The contact stress and normal pressure increase with the increase of the pre-compression.Especially in the pre-compression stage,the normal pressure of the water seal increases significantly with the increase of the pre-compression.Finally,it is proposed to slow down the wear of the water seal PTFE anti-friction layer on the chamber gate by optimizing the water seal rubber material and reducing the pre-compression.