中国军用航空发动机寿命验证与规划方法

Life Verification and Plan of China Military Aeroengine

军用航空发动机寿命验证是多学科交叉、多部门协作的系统工程。为了确保发动机寿命期内的使用安全性、可靠性和经济性,一般按照“设计分析-零部件/成附件试验-地面整机验证-外场使用验证”的方法和流程进行,发动机寿命验证与规划工作需要坚持顶层规划,分为“论证、设计、验证、使用、批产”5个阶段,针对不同阶段的特点各有侧重。整机寿命长试应合理选择时机和方式,在性能验证阶段主要采用1∶1持久试车方式进行摸底,在性能鉴定阶段主要采用加速任务试车方式进行验证。能力渐进提升是大型复杂装备的发展规律,需要科学把握航空发动机寿命验证和提升的关系,力争“寿命设计一步实现”,通过“地面试验-外场使用-全寿命评估”的方式,实现“寿命逐步验证”。

Military aeroengine life verification is a multi-disciplinary and multi-department collaborative system engineering.To ensure the lifecycle safety,reliability,and economy of the engine,the general method and procedure of“design analysis-component/accessory testing-whole engine ground verification-field operational verification”is adopted to study engine life verification and management at various stages of the engine development project.The results show that the top-level planning is crucial for basis for engine life verification and management,which can be divided into 5 stages:“demonstration,design,verification,field operation,batch production”,with different emphasis according to the characteristics of different stages.The timing and method of engine test should be chosen reasonably,in the performance verification stage,the 1:1 engine endurance test is mainly used to conduct a thorough investigation;in the performance assessment stage,Accelerated Mission Test(AMT)is used for verification.The gradual improvement of capability is the development law of large and complex equipment,it is necessary to scientifically grasp the relationship between engine life verification and life enhancement,strive to meet the life design requirements in one attempt,achieve gradual life verification through the method of“ground test-field operation-lifecycle assessment”.