“一日一图”模式下高速列车开行方案与票额分配协同优化方法

Collaborative Optimization of High-speed Train Line Planning and Seat Allocation under“Daily Train Timetabling”

列车开行方案与票额分配分别在列车层面和席位层面调整铁路运力资源,既有研究中二者在运输组织的不同阶段进行优化。“一日一图”运输模式下,基于不同时期的客流变化,综合优化列车开行方案和票额分配更有利于整体运力资源的合理配置。考虑我国列车运行图编制的实际背景,构建高速列车开行方案与票额分配协同优化模型,并针对模型特点设计一种遗传算法进行求解。对我国东北部真实路网进行案例分析,结果显示:综合优化列车开行方案和票额分配可以有效提高客运收益和资源利用率。对比开行方案给定下的票额分配方法,本文方法提高客票收益比例超过5.6%。本研究能够为“一日一图”模式下按流开车和按流分票提供理论和方法支撑。

Train line planning optimizes railway transportation resources at the level of trains,while seat allocation optimizes those at the level of seats.Previous studies optimize train line planning problem and seat allocation problem at different stages of transportation organization.Under“daily train timetabling”transportation mode,based on the variation of daily passenger flow,the collaborative optimization of train line planning and seat allocation is more beneficial to the rational use of overall transportation resources.Considering the reality of China’s train timetabling optimization,this paper developed a collaborative optimization model of train line planning and seat allocation.A genetic algorithm was designed to solve the model based on its characteristics.A case study was conducted on the real network in northeast China and the results show that the comprehensive optimization of train line planning and seat allocation can effectively improve ticket revenue and seat utilization.Compared with the seat allocation methods under a given train line planning,this method increases ticket revenue ratio by over 5.6%.This study can provide theoretical and methodological support for train line planning and seat allocation based on daily passenger flow under“daily train timetabling”.