丹麦早期增强教育课程改革概况与启示

Overview and Enlightenment of“The Strengthened Pedagogical Curriculum”Reform in Denmark

正确处理早期学习与游戏的关系是丹麦早期教育课程改革的核心议题。伴随对早期教育机构质量提升的需要以及对早期教育机构“学校化”的担忧,2018年丹麦开启了新一轮的国家课程标准修订,开始实施“增强教育课程”改革。“增强教育课程”建立在九个共同教学要素之上,并围绕六个相互联系的课程主题展开,相比以往,进一步加强了对游戏、学习以及儿童观的详细描述,尤其重申了儿童自发游戏的重要价值。“增强教育课程”还十分注重通过自我反思性评估和外部监测来保障课程实施的质量。丹麦课程改革启示我们要充分保障儿童游戏的权利,肯定游戏的价值,真正落实早期教育课程中的儿童参与和家庭参与,并通过科学评价提升和改进早期教育质量。

How to correctly deal with the relationship between learning and play is the core issue of early childhood education curriculum reform in Denmark.Along with the globalization of quality discourse and concerns about the“schoolification”of children’s early years,Denmark launched a new round of revision of national curriculum standards and began to implement the reform of“The strengthened pedagogical curriculum”.The pedagogical curriculum prepared on the basis of a common pedagogical foundation and organized around six curriculum themes,with more detailed description of play,learning and children’s view than ever before,especially reiterating the important value of children’s spontaneous play.The pedagogical curriculum focuses on scientific evaluation and emphasizes the improvement of teaching practice through systematic reflection of pedagogical documentation.The Danish curriculum reform suggests that we should fully protect children’s right to play,affirm the value of paly,truly implement children’s participation and family participation in early education curriculum,and improve the quality of early childhood education through scientific evaluation.