一、二级医院护士长胜任力现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on the competency status of head nurses in primary and secondary hospitals and analysis of its influencing factors

目的 调查一、二级医院护士长胜任力现状,并分析其影响因素。方法 采用整群抽样法,使用一般资料表和“护士长胜任力测评问卷”,对重庆市某区50所一、二级医院174名护士长进行问卷调查。结果 本次调查共发放问卷174份,剔除无效问卷13份,有效问卷161份,有效率为92.53%。一、二级医院护士长胜任力条目均分为4.42±0.62分,得分率为88.40%,各维度得分由高到低依次为:冲击与影响特征4.59±0.57分、管理特征4.43±0.68分、个人效能4.43±0.62分、帮助与服务特征4.43±0.61分、成就与行动特征4.40±0.68分、认知特征4.19±0.80分。多元线性回归分析显示,医院等级、最高学历以及护理管理工作年限是影响一、二级医院护士长胜任力水平的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论 一、二级医院护士长胜任力处于较高水平,医院等级、最高学历和护理管理工作年限是其影响因素。医院有关部门应以护士长选拔和培训、护士长培训需求和医联体内帮扶作用以及科研支持作为切入点,助力护士长胜任力的提升。

Objective To investigate the competency status of head nurse in primary and secondary hospitals,and analyze its influencing factors.Methods We adopted the method of cluster sampling,and conducted a questionnaire survey on 174 head nurses from 50 primary and secondary hospitals in a certain district of Chongqing by using the general data sheet and the"Competence Assessment Questionnaire for Head Nurses".Results A total of 174 questionnaires were distributed in this survey,13 invalid questionnaires were eliminated,and 161 valid questionnaires were obtained,with an eff ective rate of 92.53%.The head nurse competency items of primary and secondary hospitals were divided into 4.42±0.62 points on average,and the scoring rate is 88.40%,the scores of each dimension,from high to low,were as follows:impact and impact characteristics 4.59±0.57 points,management characteristics 4.43±0.68 points,personal efficacy 4.43±0.62 points,4.43±0.61 points for service and service characteristics,4.40±0.68 points for achievement and action characteristics,and 4.19±0.80 points for cognitive characteristics.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the hospital grade,the highest degree of education and the working years of nursing management were the main factors aff ecting the competency level of head nurses in primary and secondary hospitals(P<0.05).Conclusion The competency of head nurses in primary and secondary hospitals was at a relatively high level.The hospital grade,the highest degree of education and the working years of nursing management were the infl uencing factors of competency level of head nurses in primary and secondary hospitals.The relevant departments of the hospital should take the selection and training of head nurses,the training needs of head nurses,the supporting role in the medical alliance and scientifi c research support as the starting point to help the improvement of the head nurse's competence.