对外直接投资与中国企业重构全球价值链——基于企业能力的视角

Outward Foreign Direct Investment and Reconstructing Global Value Chain in Chinese Firms:Based on the Perspective of Firm Capability

基于国际商务理论和全球价值链理论,以240家中国制造业企业为样本,实证分析对外直接投资和企业能力影响企业重构全球价值链绩效的机制。结果显示:(1)对外直接投资经历和模式对企业重构全球价值链绩效有显著的正向影响;(2)应用性重构能力在对外直接投资经历与企业重构全球价值链绩效的关系中发挥中介作用;(3)基础性重构能力正向调节对外直接投资经历对企业重构全球价值链绩效的促进作用。可见中国企业通过对外直接投资获得应用性重构能力,进而重构全球价值链,获取重构绩效,基础性重构能力则促进了对外直接投资对企业重构全球价值链绩效的实现。因此,中国制造业企业摆脱低端锁定、实现跨越式升级需要提高基础性重构能力和应用性重构能力,从而发挥对外直接投资对企业重构全球价值链绩效的积极效果。

Based on International Business(IB)theory and Global Value Chain(GVC)theory,this article empirically examines how outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)and firm capacity influence performance of restructuring GVC.With the data of 240 Chinese manufacturing firms,the research findings are as follows.Firstly,the experience and pattern of OFDI have significant positive impacts on performance of reconstructing GVC.Secondly,the applied reconstructive capability plays a mediating role in the relationship between OFDI and performance of reconstructing GVC.Thirdly,the basic reconstructive capability positively moderates the positive effect of applied reconstructive capability on performance of reconstructing GVC.The results indicate that Chinese firms obtain applied reconstructive capability to reconstruct GVC successfully through OFDI,and then realize performance of reconstructing GVC.Meanwhile,the basic reconstructive capacity promotes the realization of OFDI to the performance of reconstructing GVC.Therefore,it is necessary to develop firm reconstructive capability for Chinese firms to get rid of“low-end locking”and achieve leapfrog upgrading.It can enhance the positive effects of OFDI on the performance of reconstructing GVC.