我国普惠性民办幼儿园支持政策的执行困境——基于史密斯政策执行过程模型的分析

Research on Implementation Dilemma of Support Policy for Inclusive Private Kindergartens in China——Analysis Based on Smith’s Policy Implementation Process Model

普惠性民办幼儿园支持政策的执行效果直接决定着普惠性民办幼儿园的发展与建设。基于史密斯模型的理论视角,从理想化政策、执行机构、目标群体、政策环境等四方面对我国普惠性民办幼儿园支持政策的执行困境进行分析,结果发现:普惠性民办幼儿园支持政策表述模糊,缺乏合理性;执行机构设置缺位,执行人员素质不高;目标群体认同较低,缺乏支持力;环境因素复杂,各方支持不足。因此,为有效促进普惠性民办幼儿园支持政策的执行,可从以下方面加以改进:明晰政策本身,实现标准可操作化与合理化;完善机构设置与人员配置,促进各部门高效沟通;提升幼儿园、家长及教师对政策的支持;增加财政支持,营造良好文化、资源环境。

The implementation effect of the support policy for inclusive private kindergartens directly determines the development and construction of inclusive private kindergartens.Based on the theoretical perspective of the Smith Model,this paper analyzes the implementation difficulties of the support policy for inclusive private kindergartens in China from the perspectives of idealized policies,implementing agencies,target groups,and policy environment.The results show that the expression of the support policy for inclusive private kindergartens is vague and lacks rationality;the absence of executive agencies and the low quality of executive personnel;the target group has low identification and lacks support;the environmental factors are complex and there is insufficient support from all parties.Therefore,in order to effectively promote the implementation of inclusive support policies for private kindergartens,improvements can be made from the following aspects:clarifying the policy itself,achieving operability and rationalization of standards;improve institutional settings and personnel allocation to promote efficient communication among departments;enhance support for policies from kindergartens,parents,and teachers;increase financial support and create a good cultural and resource environment.