喷施纳米硒对紫花苜蓿产量、营养品质和硒含量的影响

Effects of Nano-Selenium Spraying on Yield,Nutritional Quality,and Selenium Content of Alfalfa

以紫花苜蓿品种‘WL232HQ’为研究对象,分别在出苗期(V1)、分枝期(V2)、现蕾期(V3)、出苗期+分枝期+现蕾期(V4)进行叶面喷施纳米硒,喷施浓度为CK=0 mg/L、T1=30 mg/L、T2=50 mg/L、T3=100 mg/L、T4=150 mg/L、T5=250 mg/L,对不同处理紫花苜蓿的干草产量、营养品质及硒含量进行分析;基于主成分分析结合模糊数学中隶属函数法筛选最适纳米硒喷施浓度与喷施时期处理,以期为富硒苜蓿实际生产提供理论依据。结果表明:与CK相比,在V1、V2、V4处理下随着浓度的增加,干草产量呈先上升后下降的趋势,在T2处理下达到最大值,显著高于CK(P<0.05);喷施浓度与喷施时期的互作效应对紫花苜蓿的营养品质具有显著影响(P<0.05),V4处理下营养品质处于较高水平,并且随着浓度的增大,粗蛋白质含量和相对饲用价值呈先上升后下降的趋势;随着喷施浓度的增大硒含量呈上升趋势,在T5浓度下达到了最大值,显著的高于CK(P<0.05);基于综合评价表明在紫花苜蓿的出苗期、分枝期、现蕾期3个时期连续喷施浓度为T2的纳米硒效果最好,干草产量达4173.44 kg/hm^(2),粗蛋白质含量为22.56%DM,相对饲用价值为169.96,硒含量为1.94 mg/kg,提高了16.64倍。

This study aimed to determine the optimal nano-selenium spraying concentration and spraying period to produce selenium-enriched alfalfa.Principal component analysis combined with membership function method in fuzzy mathematics were utilized to provide a theoretical basis for the selection.Alfalfa variety‘WL232HQ’were subjected to five different concentrations of nano-selenium(CK,0 mg/L;T1,30 mg/L;T2,50 mg/L;T3,100 mg/L;T4,150 mg/L;T5,250 mg/L)applied at various growth stages,including V1(emergence stage),V2(branching stage),V3(budding stage),and V4(emergence stage+branching stage+budding stage).The hay yield,nutritional quality,and selenium content of alfalfa were analyzed.The results showed that compared to the CK group,the hay yield initially increased and subsequently decreased with the elevation of spraying concentration in the V1,V2,and V4 treatments.The maximum hay yield was observed in the T2 treatment(significantly higher than that of CK,P<0.05).The interaction between spraying concentration and spraying period significantly influenced the nutritional quality of alfalfa(P<0.05).The nutritional quality reached a peak during the V4 period,where the crude protein(CP)content and relative feeding value(RFV)initially increased and subsequently decreased with the increase in spraying concentration.Furthermore,the selenium content of alfalfa exhibited an upward trend,reaching the maximum value at the T5 concentration,which was significantly higher than that of CK(P<0.05).In conclusion,continuous spraying of nano-selenium at the T2 concentration had the optimal effect during the emergence,branching,and budding stages of alfalfa.Under these conditions,the alfalfa hay yield can reach 4173.44 kg/hm^(2),with a CP content of 22.56%(dry matter basis),RFV of 169.96,and selenium content of 1.94 mg/kg(increased by 16.64 times).