基于厌氧甲烷氧化的微生物燃料电池研究进展

Research Progress of Microbial Fuel Cells Based on Anaerobic Methane Oxidation

甲烷是生态碳循环的组成之一,也是仅次于二氧化碳的温室气体。消减甲烷的排放备受关注,对缓解全球温室效应有重要意义。与费托法转化甲烷相比,生物转化甲烷是相对来说更经济环保的可持续发展技术。甲烷的厌氧氧化(anaerobic oxidation of methane,AOM)是减少全球甲烷排放重要且有效的生物途径,综述了AOM的四种类型以及代谢机制。近年来对微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFCs)底物的研究现状,系统综述基于厌氧甲烷氧化的微生物燃料电池的研究进展。指出AOM-MFC系统仍存在厌氧甲烷菌族不能单独分离培养且电活性相对较弱的问题以及优化系统结构和深化研究厌氧甲烷菌族的产电机理的工作方向,以期达到利用AOM-MFCs消减全球甲烷排放的目的。

As the second most potent greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide,methane is a component of the carbon cycle in the environment.As part of the effort to mitigate the global greenhouse effect,reducing methane emissions is crucial.Biological methane conversion is comparatively more cost-effective and environmentally friendly than Fischer-Tropsch methane conversion for sustainable development.The anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM)is an important and effective biological pathway for reducing global methane emissions.In this article,four types of AOM and their respective metabolic mechanisms were introduced,and recent research on microbial fuel cells(MFCs)was summarized.The research progress of microbial fuel cells based on anaerobic methane oxidation was systematically reviewed.It was pointed out that there were still some problems in the AOM-MFC system,such as anaerobic methanogens could not be isolated and cultured separately and their electrical activity was relatively weak;it was also necessary to optimize the system structure and deepen the research on the mechanism of anaerobic methanogens,so as to achieve the purpose of reducing global methane emissions by using AOM-MFCs.