印尼可再生能源发展现状及中印尼可再生能源合作

Development Status of Indonesia′s Renewable Energy and China-Indonesia Renewable Energy Cooperation

印度尼西亚可再生能源资源蕴藏丰富,但与巨大的资源潜力相比,其开发程度较低或基本尚未开发。为了摆脱化石能源依赖和践行减排承诺,印尼正在努力构建多元化的清洁能源供应体系。在“一带一路”倡议推动下,中国与印尼在可再生能源领域展开务实合作并取得了一些成效。印尼可再生能源开发仍处于初期阶段,中国与印尼的可再生能源合作机遇与挑战并存。两国可再生能源合作得到双方政府的大力支持,印尼的水能、太阳能、生物质能和地热能资源优势明显,而中国在技术、资金和设备方面具备优势,可再生能源合作互补性强,合作前景广阔。与此同时,印尼可再生能源相关政策法规不健全、两国之间存在一些敏感议题、印尼市场有多国参与竞争,以及印尼国内消费市场与资源禀赋不匹配、尚未建立统一的电网系统、建设土地征用困难等问题也给双方合作带来了挑战。未来深化中印尼两国的可再生能源合作,需要从推动两国战略对接、深化重点领域合作、运用智慧化解一系列敏感问题和矛盾冲突等方面入手,切实提升双方可再生能源合作的广度和深度,推动两国全面战略伙伴关系深入发展。

Indonesia is rich in renewable energy resources,but its renewable energy is less developed or basically undeveloped compared with the huge resource potential.To wean itself off dependence on fossil fuels and meet its emission reduction commitments,Indonesia is working to diversify its clean energy supply.Under the Belt and Road Initiative,China and Indonesia have carried out practical cooperation in the field of renewable energy and achieved some results.The development of renewable energy in Indonesia is still in the early stage,and the renewable energy cooperation between China and Indonesia faces both opportunities and challenges.The renewable energy cooperation has received strong support from both governments.Indonesia has obvious advantages in hydroenergy,solar energy,biomass energy and geothermal energy resources,while China has advantages in technology,capital and equipment.The renewable energy cooperation is highly complementary and enjoys broad prospects.At the same time,the lack of sound policies and regulations related to renewable energy in Indonesia,the sensitive issues between the two countries,the multi-country competition in the Indonesian market,the mismatch between Indonesia′s domestic consumer market and resource endowment,the lack of unified power grid system and the difficulties in land acquisition for construction also pose challenges to the cooperation.To deepen the renewable energy cooperation between China and Indonesia in the future,it is necessary to enhance the breadth and depth of bilateral renewable energy cooperation and promote the indepth development of bilateral comprehensive strategic partnership by promoting strategic alignment,deepening cooperation in key areas and using wisdom to resolve a series of sensitive issues and conflicts.