溃疡性结肠炎患者临床特征及肠道菌群变化分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of patients with ulcerative colitis and the gut microbiota changes

目的探讨溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者的发病特点,对比UC患者与健康者肠道菌群的差异性。方法分析2018年4月至2021年12月入组的50例UC患者的一般情况、临床表现等临床资料。收集粪便样本,提取粪便DNA,行基因扩增与测序,经宏基因组分析技术对不同样本的菌群差异性分析。结果临床资料显示,有80%的患者为慢性复发型,并且绝大多数处于活动期(占比84%),而病变范围与疾病的严重度密切相关。菌落差异性分析显示,相较于健康参与者,UC组中微生物的多样性减少,其中变形菌门占比增加,厚壁菌门丰度减少,尤其是变形菌门中的大肠杆菌属较正常对照差异明显(P<0.05)。结论UC患者病变以活动期、慢性复发型多见,严重度与病变范围密切相关,且肠道菌群失调较明显,以变形菌门增加,厚壁菌门减少且大肠杆菌属增加为主,肠道微生物参与UC的发生发展。

Objective To investigate the pathogenic characteristics of patients with ulcerative colitis(UC),and to compare the differences in the gut microbiota between UC patients and healthy individuals.Methods The general conditions,clinical manifestations,and other clinical data of 50 UC patients from April 2018 to December 2021 were analyzed.Stool samples were collected to extract fecal DNA.Gene amplification and sequencing were carried out to compare the difference in the gut microbiota between UC patients and healthy individuals by macrogenomic analysis.Results Clinical data show that 80%of UC patients were in the chronic recurrent episodes,and the vast majority were in the active stage(84%).The extent of the lesion was closely related to the severity of UC.The analysis of colony difference showed that compared with those of healthy individuals,UC patients had a decreased diversity of gut microbiota.The proportion of Proteobacteria increased,and the abundance of Firmicutes decreased in UC patients.The abundance of Escherichia coli was significantly higher in UC patients than that of healthy individuals(P<0.05).Conclusion UC patients are mainly in the active stage and chronic recurrent episodes,and the severity is closely related to the scope of the lesion.The imbalance of gut microbiota is more obvious,mainly presenting with the increased Proteobacteria(especially Escherichia coli)and decreased Firmicutes.Gut microbiota are involved in the occurrence and development of UC.