内生与外生:电商平台自我规制权力的生成、互动与调适

Endogenous and Exogenous:Generation,Interaction and Adaptation of Self-Regulatory Power in E-Commerce Platforms

基于生成逻辑的不同,电商平台的自我规制权力可以分为内生性权力和外生性权力两种类型,前者发源于市场秩序的自发演进,后者源于第三方义务的压力传导,二者具有不同的制度底色。随着平台责任的强化,平台日益倚重外生性权力以应对合规压力,导致两种不同类型平台权力之间的互动产生了紧张关系。这弱化了市场力量,削弱了平台自治,可能使平台自我规制沦为政府规制的附庸。由于内生性权力和外生性权力分别连接着用户和政府,其权力互动影响了平台、用户和政府的三方关系,导致“平台—用户”间“权力—权利”关系和“政府—平台”间“公权力—私权力”关系产生失衡风险。对此,应通过强化用户权利保障、合理界定权力界限以及发挥软法作用等措施加以调适。

Based on different generation logics,the self-regulatory power of e-commerce platforms can be divided into two types.One is endogenous power which originates from the spontaneous evolution of market order,and the other is exogenous power which originates from the pressure of third-party obligations with different institutional undertones.With the strengthening of platform responsibility,platforms increasingly rely on exogenous power to cope with compliance pressure,leading to tensions between the interaction of the two different types of platform power,which weakens market power,decreases platform autonomy,and may reduce platform self-regulation to a government appendage.Since endogenous power and exogenous power connect users and government respectively,their power interaction affects the tripartite relationship between the platform,the users and the government,resulting in the risk of imbalance between the power and the right regarding the relationship between the platform and users,and the risk of imbalance between government power and private power regarding the relationship between the government and the platform.This should be debugged by strengthening the protection of users\rights,reasonably defining the boundaries of power and making the soft law play its role.