基于遥感数据的城市水面与洪涝关联研究

Relationship between urban water surface and flood based on remote sensingg data

城市水域是城市建设和社会发展的重要基础,具有多种功能。然而,随着城市的发展,城市用地挤占了大量的水域空间,导致城市洪涝灾害频率增加。通过对全球12个主要城市土地利用类型数据的分析发现,城市水面保有率与城市洪涝灾害发生频率呈负相关。在不同洪涝灾害风险频率等级下,相应的水面保有率为低频区2.32%~4.06%、中频区1.32%~2.31%、高频区1.10%~1.31%。也即水面保有率高于2.32%,城市发生洪涝灾害风险明显减小。因此,在城市规划和建设中,需要考虑水域的多种功能,合理设置和保留水面空间,并根据洪涝灾害风险评估确定适宜的水面保有率,以制定相应的防洪措施和应急预案,保障城市的安全和可持续发展。

Urban water bodies are an important foundation for urban development and social progress,which have multiple functions.However,a large amount of water space has been occupied by urban land with the development of cities,leading to an increase in the frequency of urban flooding disasters.This study analyzed the land-use data of 12 major global cities and found a negative correlation between the urban water retention rate and the frequency of urban flooding disasters.The corresponding suitable water retention rates at different levels of flood risk frequency are 2.32%-4.06%for low frequency areas,1.32%-2.31%for medium frequency areas,and 1.10%-1.31%for high frequency areas.That is,a water retention rate higher than 2.32%can significantly reduce the risk of urban flooding disasters.Therefore,it is necessary to consider the multiple functions of water bodies,reasonably set and retain water space in urban planning and development.In order to develop corresponding flood prevention measures and emergency plans to ensure the safety and sustainable development of the city,the appropriate water surface retention rate is also determined based on the flood risk assessment.