新疆准噶尔柳花化学成分分析及抗氧化活性的研究

Study on Chemical Constituents and Antioxidant Activity of Xinjiang Salix songarica

目的:探索准噶尔柳花化学成分的组成及其花茶适宜的日常饮用方式,揭示准噶尔柳花的抗氧化能力。方法:以6月、7月、8月采摘的准噶尔柳花为研究材料,首先对准噶尔柳花的水分、可溶性总糖、总酚、总黄酮、维生素C、可溶性蛋白含量进行测定,再通过单因素实验确定不同冲泡因素对柳花溶出物的影响,最后以1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除率和总抗氧化能力评价柳花提取物体外抗氧化活性。结果:准噶尔柳花的主要化学成分由高到低依次为可溶性蛋白100.03 mg/g、可溶性总糖87.20 mg/g、总黄酮52.61 mg/g、总酚26.57 mg/g、维生素C 6.42 mg/g;准噶尔柳花茶日常适宜的冲泡温度为90℃、时间10 min、料液比150 mL/g、冲泡次数2次;DPPH自由基清除率最高为6月柳花91.01%,总抗氧化能力最高为6月柳花27.63 U/mL。结论:准噶尔柳花具有丰富的营养成分和较强的抗氧化能力,并且6月采摘的柳花抗氧化能力更强,因此新疆准噶尔柳花是一种具有较强开发利用价值的新疆野生植物资源。

Objective:To explore the chemical composition of Salix songarica and the suitable daily drinking mode of willow tea,and reveal the antioxidant capacity of S.songarica.Methods:S.songarica picked in June,July and August were used as research materials.Firstly,the contents of water,soluble sugar,total phenols,total flavonoids,vitamin C and soluble protein of S.songarica was determined,and then the influence of different brewing factors on the dissolved products of S.songarica was determined by single factor experiment.Finally,the antioxidant activity of S.songarica was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging rate and total antioxidant capacity.Results:The main chemical components of S.songarica from high to low were soluble protein 100.03 mg/g,soluble total sugar 87.20 mg/g,total flavonoids 52.61 mg/g,total phenol 26.57 mg/g and vitamin C 6.42 mg/g;The suitable brewing temperature,time,solid-liquid ratio and times of S.songarica tea were 90℃,10 min,150 mL/g and 2 times;The maximum DPPH free radical scavenging rate was 91.01%in June,and the maximum total antioxidant capacity was 27.63 U/mL in June.Conclusion:S.songarica has rich nutrients and strong antioxidant capacity,especially those picked in June.Therefore,S.songarica is a kind of Xinjiang wild plant resources with strong development and utilization value.