以ChatGPT为代表的生成式AI内容的可版权性研究

On the Copyrightability of Content Generated by AI with ChatGPT as a Representative

以ChatGPT为代表的生成式AI内容具有可版权性。就激励创作而言,被激励的对象并非生成式AI本身,而是使用生成式AI创作的人,生成式AI起到的依然是创作工具的作用,依可版权性将生成式AI内容置于版权法体系框架下进行保护符合最便宜保护形式的需要,同时能够为确定生成式AI内容版权侵权的责任主体提供依据。在生成式AI作品认定上,区别于传统作品的认定,应依独创性和实质性贡献来综合判断生成式AI内容是否为著作权法调整的作品。在生成式AI作品版权归属规则上,确定生成式AI作品的版权归属于真正创作该作品的人,即生成式AI的使用者,但允许通过约定的形式,借鉴合作作品权益分享规则,形成生成式AI开发者和使用者共有作品版权的权益归属规则。

The content generated by AI,with ChatGPT as a representative,is copyrightable.In terms of incentivizing creation,the entity being incentivized is not the generative AI itself,but the person using the generative AI to create.The generative AI still plays the role of a tool of creation.Protecting AI-generated content within the framework of the system on the copyright law according to its copyrightability meets the need for the most cost-effective form of protection,and at the same time can provide foundation for determining the party responsible for the risk of infringing the copyright of AI-generated content.The determination of AI-generated works is different from that of traditional works,and whether AI-generated content is a work in the sense of copyright law shall be determined in terms of originality and substantive contribution.As for the rules on the holder of copyright of AIgenerated works,it should be established that the copyright of AI-generated works belongs to the right holder who actually creates such works,i.e.the user of generative AI.However,it is permissible to form rules on the sharing of rights and interests of copyrights of such works by the developer and user of generative AI through agreement and by referring to rules on the sharing of rights and interests of coauthored works.