碳基催化材料在电化学还原二氧化碳中的研究进展

Recent advances in carbon-based catalysts for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

利用电化学还原技术将二氧化碳(CO_(2))转化为高能燃料或高值化学品是提升CO_(2)利用附加值、缓解CO_(2)排放压力的有效途径,也是风电、水电和太阳能等绿色能源的转化与存储方式之一,对间歇性电能“削峰填谷”意义重大。实现高效电化学还原CO_(2)的关键之一在于创制高性能的电催化材料。综述了碳基催化材料在电化学还原CO_(2)方面的研究进展,系统探讨了本征缺陷碳材料、掺杂碳材料、碳基复合材料和整体式碳材料的结构特点以及与电催化还原CO_(2)性能的构效关系,并在此基础之上,展望了碳基催化材料在电化学还原CO_(2)领域中的挑战和未来发展。

Converting carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into high-energy fuel or high-value chemicals by electrochemical reduction technology is an effective way to enhance the added value of CO_(2) utilization and alleviate the pressure of CO_(2) emission,and is also one of the conversion and storage methods for green energy such as wind power,hydropower and solar energy,which is of great significance to“peak-clipping and valley-filling”of intermittent power.One of the keys to realize high-efficiency electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) lies in the creation of highperformance electrocatalytic materials.In this paper,the research progress of carbon-based catalytic materials for electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) is reviewed,and the structural characteristics of intrinsic defective carbon materials,doped carbon materials,carbon-based composites and monolithic carbon materials are discussed.On this basis,the challenges and future development of carbon-based catalytic materials for electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) are prospected.