水上浮动式溢油监测设备研发与测试

Research and testing of floating oil spill monitoring equipment

港口码头水域溢油监测是溢油突发环境事件应急能力建设的关键环节,为向早期延伸对重大溢油事件的感知响应,有必要实现全方位立体化溢油有效监测。以提升浮动式溢油监测设备的有效性和抗干扰性为目标,简述了目前主要的溢油探测技术方法,提出了激光荧光与拉曼散射比值耦合理论,有效克服阳光及风浪造成的背景噪声干扰反演推导油膜厚度;设计了溢油监测传感器,研发了水上浮动式溢油监测设备,开发了溢油监测传感系统平台;通过柴油试验对设备监测有效性和系统平台报警可靠性进行了验证测试。结果表明:利用所提理论方法反演的油膜厚度与实际油膜厚度的误差不超过1.0%,其理论方法正确,设备监测有效性和系统报警可靠性较高。

The key to constructing emergency response capacity for oil spill incidents lies in monitoring oil spills in port and wharf waters.In order to enhance early-stage response capabilities for major oil spill incidents,it is imperative to achieve comprehensive and effective three-dimensional oil spill monitoring.This paper aims to enhance the effectiveness and anti-interference capabilities of floating oil spill monitoring equipment.The main techniques for detecting oil spills were briefly outlined,and a coupling theory involving laser fluorescence and Raman scattering ratio was proposed.The oil film thickness was derived by inversion and the background noise caused by sunlight and wind waves was effectively overcome.A dedicated oil spill monitoring sensor was designed,and floating oil spill monitoring equipment was developed.Additionally,a sensor system platform for oil spill monitoring was established.The effectiveness of equipment monitoring and the reliability of the system platform′s alarm were validated through diesel testing.The results indicate that the error between the theoretical and actual oil film thickness does not exceed 1.0%.Thus,the theoretical method is largely accurate,while the equipment monitoring demonstrates effectiveness and the system alarm exhibits reliability.