城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题研究综述

A Review of Research on Optimization of Municipal Solid Waste Vehicle Routing

随着我国城镇化水平的提高,城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题已引起学界的日益关注并呈现出新的特征.为理清城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题研究趋势,对已研究的不同类型的城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题的模型和求解算法进行了系统的综述和分析.首先,概述了城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题及其基本模型;其次,根据其问题特征将其分为多车型/多回收站点城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题、多舱室/多品类城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题、带时间窗的城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题、城市生活垃圾动态收运路径优化问题、多目标的城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题以及城市生活垃圾绿色收运路径优化问题等类型进行分类综述;而后,梳理了求解城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题的精确算法、传统启发式算法和元启发式算法,并对应用较为广泛的元启发式算法分别围绕单点元启发式算法和多点元启发式算法两类进行详细阐述;最后,对未来研究方向进行了展望,未来可以围绕多舱室/多品类、动态收运以及绿色收运对城市生活垃圾收运路径优化问题展开深入研究,并改进优化现有算法解决该问题.

With the increasing level of urbanization in our country,the optimization of municipal solid waste vehi-cle routing has attracted growing atention in academic circles and has presented new characteristics.To clarifythe research trends in the optimization of municipal solid waste vehicle routing,a systematic review and analysisof the models and solution algorithms for different types of municipal solid waste vehicle routing problems thathave been studied are conducted.Firstly,an overview of the optimization problem of municipal solid waste vehiclerouting and its basic models is provided.Secondly,based on their problem characteristics,they are classified andreviewed as fllows:multi-vehicle/multi-collection site municipal solid waste vehicle routing problems,multi-compartment/multi-category municipal solid waste vehicle routing problems,time window-constrained mu-nicipal solid waste vehicle routing problems,dynamic municipal solid waste vehicle routing problems,multi-ob-jective municipal solid waste vehicle routing problems,and green municipal solid waste vehicle routing optimiza-tion problems.Subsequently,the exact algorithms,raditional heuristic algorithms,and metaheuristic algorithms forsolving the municipal solid waste vehicle routing optimization problems are summarized,and the widely used me-taheuristic algorithms are discussed in detail,focusing on single-point metaheuristic algorithms and multi-pointmetaheuristic algorithms.Finally,future research directions are outlined.In the future,in-depth research can becaried out on the optimization problems of municipal solid waste vehicle routing,focusing on muli-compart-ment/multi-category,dynamic collection,and green collection,as well as improving and optimizing existing algo-rithms to solve this problem.