生物质热解过程中氮元素迁移转化机制研究进展

Research on the migration and transformation mechanism of nitrogen during biomass pyrolysis

利用热解技术将生物质转化为高值含氮化学品或含氮炭材料能够显著提升生物质的利用价值,且明显降低含氮物质带来的环境污染风险。因此,明晰热解过程中氮元素的迁移转化机制对促进生物质热解技术的开发具有重要意义。本研究归纳了不同种类生物质中氮元素的赋存形式及含量;以固、液、气相热解产物中氮元素的分布为基础,概述了氮元素从生物质向热解产物迁移转化的反应机制;总结了燃料性质、预处理方法及热解条件对氮元素迁移转化的影响,并对未来生物质热解过程中氮元素迁移转化机制的研究方向进行了展望。

Biomass can be converted into high-value nitrogen-containing chemicals and nitrogen-containing carbon materials by pyrolysis technique,which significantly increases the value of biomass and lowers the risk of environmental pollution by nitrogen-containing pollutants.Therefore,a good understanding of the migration and conversion mechanisms of nitrogen during pyrolysis is critical for the advancement of biomass pyrolysis technique.Herein,the forms and contents of nitrogen in biomass were first summarized.Afterward,the transformation process of nitrogen from biomass to pyrolysis products was discussed based on the distribution of nitrogen in the solid,liquid,and gaseous pyrolysis products.Finally,the effects of fuel properties,pretreatment methods and pyrolysis conditions on the migration and transformation of nitrogen were discussed carefully.In addition,an outlook for future research on nitrogen migration in biomass pyrolysis process was provided.