基于相似理论的隧道模型试验设计研究

Design Study of Tunnel Model Experiment Based on Similarity Theory

隧道相似模型试验是研究隧道工程施工中岩体和支护力学特性的一个重要手段,通过相似模型试验能够快速且经济地反映出实际隧道工程施工的基本力学规律。以相似理论为研究依据,结合桐梓隧道施工过程,考虑了试验台架尺寸、岩体相似材料、支护系统以及量测系统这几个因素进行模型试验设计。采用模型试验装置成功地完成了三台阶法、CD法、双侧壁导坑法开挖隧道的模型试验,试验结果基本符合实际情况。试验结果可知,采用双侧壁导坑法开挖隧道,有利于围岩的稳定;采用三台阶法和CD法施工,可以提高施工效率。

Tunnel similar model test is an important means to study the mechanical characteristics of rock mass and supporting in tunnel project construction,which can reflect the basic mechanical law of actual tunnel project construction quickly and economically.Based on the similarity theory and the construction process of Tongzi Tunnel,the size of test bench,similar rock material,supporting system and measuring system are considered for the design of model test.The model tests of three-step excavation,CD excavation and two-side wall guide pit have been successfully completed,and the test results are basically in line with the actual situation.The test results show that the two-side wall guide pit method is beneficial to the stability of surrounding rock,and the construction efficiency can be improved by using three-step excavation or CD excavation.