农村老龄人口的数字鸿沟与智慧康养的现状、问题与应对思路

Digital Divide of Rural Old Adults and Smart Elderly Support:Status,Challenges and Coping Strategies

智慧康养存在个体层面有数字鸿沟、中观层面出现实践缺位和政策层面有理念区隔等问题。农村地区的智能康养更是面临诸多亟待破解的困局:农村老龄人口在数字素养方面存在理念沟、接入沟、使用沟、信息沟;多重数字鸿沟不仅源于他们自身较低的资本禀赋,而且也与政府和社会在智慧康养方面“三重”“三轻”的理念和实践密切相关。为提升农村老龄人口的数字素养、改变农村地区智慧康养的薄弱局面,政府应积极推动供给侧结构性改革,将智慧康养理念融入数字乡村建设中;社区应加强智慧康养的软硬环境建设,通过多种形式的培训对老龄人口进行数字赋能;家庭内部成员必须耐心对老龄人口进行数字反哺,而(低龄)老龄人口亦应注重提升自身的数字素养,不断填补数字鸿沟。如此,方可夯实智慧康养的基础,增强农村长者的安全感、获得感与幸福感,进而实现长寿时代的“长寿红利”。

This paper attempts to analyze the digital illiteracy of old adults at the individual level,the inadequacy of smart elderly support practices at the community level,and the ignorance of top-level design regarding digital elderly sup⁃port at the policy level.It is found that smart digital support in the countryside encounters numerous challenges that need to be solved.Rural old adults face ideational gap,access gap,usage gap,and information gap in terms of the digital literacy.The multiple digital gaps are not only due to the low capital endowment of old adults,but also to the norms and practice of the government and society towards smart elderly support.In order to facilitate smart elderly support in the countryside,it is necessary for the government to actively promote the supply-side reform and inte⁃grate the ideas of smart elderly support into the Digtal Village Construction Project.It is also necessary for the com⁃munity to improve the digital platforms and enhance the digital literacy of old adults through various training pro⁃grams.Additionally,family members,particularly children,should provide digital assistance for older adults,and younger elderly population should also try to improve their own digital literacy to bridge the digital divide.By doing so,it will help solidify the foundation of smart elderly support,enhance rural older adults’senses of security,achievement and happiness,and facilitate the longevity dividend in the era of longivity.