设计需求与可拆卸性耦合情境识别方法

Coupling situation identification method for design requirements and detachability

针对产品开发过程中用户所提出的设计需求与可拆卸性的耦合情景识别效率低、差异性大等问题,提出基于质量功能配置(Quality Function Deployment,QFD)和Petri网的设计需求与可拆卸性耦合情境识别方法。应用QFD分析设计需求和可拆卸性的内在联系,建立设计参数和可拆卸性设计特征的灰色关联矩阵。结合可拆卸性评价指标,构建基于拆卸Petri网的可拆卸性评价指标量值表达模型,判断耦合作用类型。根据设计需求与可拆卸性的关联关系,提取负向耦合参数,建立基于“元素-名称-值”(Element-Name-Value,ENV)模型的负向耦合情景表达模型。通过ENV模型的设计参数综合重要性,识别关键耦合情景。通过小型货物存取装置案例,验证所提出方法的可行性。研究结果表明:耦合情景识别方法提高了设计需求与可拆卸性的耦合识别效率,精确率提升41.7%,识别时间减少23.6 s,验证了耦合识别方法的有效性。

Aiming at the issues of low efficiency and high variability in the identification of coupling situation of design requirements and detachability proposed by users in the product development process,a quality function deployment(QFD)and Petri net based design requirement and detachability coupling situation identification method was proposed.QFD was applied to analyze the intrinsic connection between design requirements and detachability,so as to establish a grey correlation matrix of design parameters and detachability design features.Combined with the detachability evaluation index,a detachability evaluation index quantity value expression model was constructed based on detachability petri nets to determine the type of coupling effect.The negative coupling parameters were extracted according to the correlations between design requirements and detachability to propose negative coupling parameters.The “Element-Name-Value”(ENV)-based negative coupling situation expression model was established.The key coupling situations were identified by integrating the importance of the design parameters in the ENV model.The feasibility of the proposed method was verified through a case study of a small cargo access device.The research results showed that the coupled situation identification method increased the efficiency of coupled identification of design requirements and detachability by 41.7%.The identification time was 23.6 s reduction,which verified the effectiveness of the coupled identification method.