基于Jack的反铲式挖掘机驾驶室人机工程仿真分析与设计改进

Ergonomic simulation analysis and improvement design of backhoe excavator cab based on Jack

为改善反铲式挖掘机驾驶环境,提高驾驶员整体舒适度和工作效率,通过对驾驶环境和作业流程分析,确定了驾驶员常见的操作姿态;利用人机工程仿真分析软件Jack对驾驶员的可视域、可达域和舒适度进行仿真分析,基于分析结果对驾驶室外形、屏幕、推杆角度、座椅横板和扶手进行设计改进;对改进设计方案分析后发现:驾驶员观察铲斗和屏幕的视野盲区减小,常用操作部件位于双手舒适可达范围内,下坡姿势的RULA等级下降,舒适度参数Porter和Krist趋向舒适。通过虚拟人机工程仿真技术可准确预判驾驶室存在的人机工程设计缺陷,提高设计合理性,为人-机-环境总体设计提供参考。

In order to improve the driving environment of backhoe excavator cab and improve the overall comfort and work efficiency of drivers,the common operation postures of drivers were determined through the analysis of driving environment and operation process.The ergonomic simulation analysis software Jack was used to analyze the driver's visual area,reachable area and comfort level.The cab shape,screen,push rod angle,seat plate and armrest were improved designed based on the analysis results.After the analysis of the improved design scheme,it was found that the driver's blind spot to see the bucket and screen was shrunk.The common operation parts were within the comfortable reach of both hands.The RULA rank decreased for downhill poses.The comfort parameters Porter and Krist tended to be comfortable.The virtual ergonomic simulation technology could accurately predict the ergonomic design defects in the cab,improve the design rationality,and provide references for the overall design of human-machine-environment.