美术、礼仪及供养人:山西高平釜山石窟研究

Art,Ritual and Patron:Examining Fushan Caves in Gaoping of Shanxi Province

北朝时期,晋东南地区因地处平城、洛阳和邺城三个佛教中心形成的三角形区域内,受到开窟造像风气的影响,大量开凿中小型佛教石窟,高平市釜山石窟即其中一处。该石窟开凿于北魏末期,造像题材丰富,造像风格受到云冈石窟第三期、龙门石窟和巩县石窟的影响,但已完全发展为清瘦且汉化程度很强的形式。云冈石窟是6世纪以来颇具影响力的佛教艺术和宗教中心,透过高平釜山石窟造像,可管窥云冈模式对这一时期不同地区佛教发展的影响。

The Northern Dynasties constructed numerous small-sized and mediumsized Buddhist caves and monasteries over the southeast Shanxi Province,the triangle area formed by three Buddhist centers of the capital cities:Pingcheng,Luoyang,and Yecheng.This thesis takes Fushan Caves in Gaoping County for a case study regarding its construction time,sculptures,themes and styles etc.,followed by the results:the construction of Fushan Caves was completed in the late Northern-Wei dynasty with many kinds of themed-Buddha statues enshrined inside,whose figures were impressed by the Sinicized slim-shape under the influence of Yungang third-phase,Longmen and Gongxian Caves in style.The mentioned case study presents the way that Yungang Caves as a center of Buddhist art and religions since the 6t century greatly impacted the development of Buddhism in different regions of that period.