空间站高温材料科学实验系统真空室设计与分析

Vacuum Chamber Design and Analysis of the Space Station High Temperature Material Science Experimental System

中国空间站高温材料科学实验系统能够在轨进行多种材料的微重力高温加热实验,其关键组件真空室是可实现密封的压力容器,为实验插件提供机械、真空、氮气、废气排放、供电、控制、冷却等接口,支持实验插件完成相关功能。本文依据承压范围、漏率等设计技术指标进行真空室的结构设计和力学分析。真空室采用分段式结构,由方形真空室、密封门、圆形真空室、安装支架等组件依次连接组成,连接结构处使用密封圈。通过真空室的承压分析、模态分析、随机响应分析和力学试验,校核了真空室的强度、刚度及随机振动响应特性,验证了真空室设计的安全性和可靠性,其能够满足发射及在轨工作要求。

The Chinese Space Station High Temperature Material Science Experiment System is capable of conducting microgravity high temperature heating experiments of multiple materials types in orbit.The vacuum chamber,one of the key components,is a pressure vessel that can be sealed.It is equipped with interfaces for the experiment inserts such as mechanical,vacuum,nitrogen,exhaust gas emission,power supply,control and cooling.In this paper,the structure design and analysis of the vacuum chamber is based on the technical indicators such as pressure-bearing range and leakage rate.The vacuum chamber adopts a sectional structure,which consists of a square vacuum chamber assembly,a sealed door assembly,a circular vacuum chamber assembly,a mounting bracket,etc.Seals are used at the connection positions.The strength,stiffness and random vibration response of the vacuum chamber structure were checked through pressure analysis,modal analysis,random response analysis and mechanical vibration test.The results verified the safety and reliability of the vacuum chamber design,which can meet the launch and in-orbit operational requirements.